Chapter 11: Memory pt. 2

Question 1

morris water maze

Answer 1

tank of coloured water
- hidden platform

use spatial cues within the room

Question 2

radial arm maze

Answer 2

e.g. finding food in environment

relation to nature (i.e. replenishment rate)

Question 3

how do rats accomplish spacial memory in the radial maze?

Answer 3

• NOT through odour cues or using a fixed response pattern!

- landmarks!

Question 4

Landmark use in radial maze

suzuki et al (1980

Answer 4

• rich group had extra-maze stimuli: specific stimulus associated with each arm
• poor group did not
• measure: # of choices until all 8 arms entered and food food consumed
• results: rich group needed less choices with consistent trials (large decrease from trial 1, before levelling out)
  poor group did not decrease # of choices by many at all, way higher # of choices made

Question 5

Effect of delay in radial maze (Beatty and Shavalia, 1980)

Answer 5

rats allows to enter 4 of 8 arms
then removed for diff delay periods
measured the % of correct choice after they were returned to maze

= delays up to 4hours did not disrupt performance

Question 6

Radial maze response strategies (Hoffman et al, 1999)

Answer 6

when tested with radial arm maze on the ground:

• minimize travel distance
• use arms as path
• random
• thigmotaxis (follow walls)

Question 7

stages of memory

Answer 7

1. acquisition (encoding)
2. retention (storage)
3. retrival

Question 8

what and how we remember depends on…

Answer 8

all there stages of memory

Question 9

acquisition of stimulus control

Answer 9

our experiences are coded in ND for retention and retrieval

Question 10

stimulus coding

Answer 10

how a stimulus is represented in memory

Question 11

meories/experiences are not stored as ___ of …..

Answer 11

replicas

of what actually happened

Question 12

2 ways an animal encodes and represents the world

Answer 12

cognitive maps

navigational maps

Question 13

coding in a natural spatial task

Answer 13

beacon: marks the location of goal
landmark: distinct stimulus that has a fixed relation tot he goal

Question 14

Navigational coding strategies

Answer 14

landmark

beacon

Question 15

Navigational coding strategies: geometry

Answer 15

equivalent corners

Question 16

Geometry and features info in a spatial orientation task (Batty et al. 2009)

Answer 16

Feature training BCCH (geometry also available)

• if using features only, then all corners are correct
• if using geometry then long left, short right is correct
• if using features before geometry, then the top is correct
• if using geometry before features then long left, short right is correct
• feature training MOCH (geometry also available)
• BCCH and MOCH encode sptial cues differently
• geometric info is less preferred strategy by MOCH

Question 17

Does an animal remember where is has been and where is has yet to go?

Answer 17

prospective coding and retrospective coding