Chapter 11: History and Professionalism

Question 1

PL 89-333

The Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1965

Answer 1

• identified SL interpreters as service for Deaf clients of vocational rehab
• marked the beginning of paid interpreting opportunities for SL terps in the US

Question 2

PL 93-112 Rehab Act of 1973

Answer 2

-defines “handicapped individuals” and their rights

Question 3

Rehab Act of 1973 
Section 501 (employment practices of fed gov)
Section 503 (fed contractors)
section 504 (recipients of federal assitance)

Answer 3

-mandates fully accessible rehab services to all DA groups
-agencies and institutions receiving federal funds must be accessible, provide interpreters and other forms of accommodation
section 504: A civil rights law to prohibit discrimination on the basis of disability in programs and activities, public and private, that receive federal financial assistance.

Question 4

PL 94-142 Education for All Handicapped Children Act IDEA

Answer 4

• mandates DA children be educated in “least restrictive environment”
• led to widespread integration of DA children in mainstream classroom
• resulted in proliferation of interpreting jobs in K-12
• An education act to provide federal financial assistance to State and local education agencies to guarantee special education and related services to eligible children with disabilities.

Question 5

PL 95-539 The Court Interpreters Act of 1978

Answer 5

-requires use of only certified interpreters when non-English speaking clients are involved in federal court

Question 6

PL 95-602 Rehabilitation Amendments of 1978

Answer 6

Sec 101- requires use of trained personnel in client’s native language/mode of communication
Sec 304- allocates funding to 12 federal interpreter education centers

Question 7

American with Disabilities Act ADA 1991

Answer 7

• equal access to private business sector
• mandates certain size businesses to provide interpreters to Deaf employees, TTYs
• A civil rights law to prohibit discrimination solely on the basis of disability in employment, public services, and accommodations.

Question 8

RID

Answer 8

• est. 1964, Ball State Teachers College Indiana

- certification: national testing system, certification maintenance program, and ethical practices system

Question 9

Spoken Language interpreting

Answer 9

• first recognized as profession at Paris Peace Conference 1919, following WWI
• early interpreters weren’t trained but experienced journalists, civil-servants, and diplomats thrown into politics
• education requires BA, 2 years living in country of language, MA in interpretation and translation

Question 10

Comparing: Spoken and Sign Interpreters

Answer 10

• Spoken lang terps have shorter history of testing, certification, professional association than SL terps
• spoken terps paid better than SL terps