Chapter 11: Eating Disorders Flashcards
List the types of eating disorders.
- Pica
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Binge Eating Disorder
What is pica?
Recurrent, compulsive consumption of non-nutritive items
What is the DSM-V criteria for Anorexia Nervosa?
- Weight at least 15% below normal
- Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat
- Disturbance of body perception
- Sometimes excessive exercising
What is the lifetime prevalence of Anorexia Nervosa?
1-2%
When is the onset of Anorexia Nervosa?
Usually starts in early teens
What is the course of Anorexia Nervosa?
Chronic and progressive w/o treatment
Which gender predominates Anorexia Nervosa? Percentage?
90% female
What are the ways in which anorexia is a dangerous disorder?
- Death from starvation
- Irreversible bone loss, osteoporosis
- Heart arrhythmia
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Anemia
- Lowered white blood cell count
- Hormonal imbalance
What disorders and conditions are comorbid w/ anorexia?
- OCD, OCD personality disorder
- Anxiety disorders
- Body dysmorphic disorder
- Narcissistic personality disorder (perfectionism)
- Hypomania
What is the DSM-V criteria for Bulimia Nervosa?
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating w/ experience of loss of control
- Recurrent purging behavior
- Both occur at least once a week for at least 3 months
- Poor self-image (based on body shape & weight)
What is the lifetime prevalence of Bulimia Nervosa?
3%
When is the onset of Bulimia Nervosa?
Mid teens to early 20s
What is the course of Bulimia Nervosa?
Chronic and progressive w/o treatment
Which gender predominates Bulimia Nervosa? Percentage?
80% female
What are the ways in which Bulimia Nervosa is a dangerous disorder?
- Heart arrhythmia
- Electrolyte imbalance (Na+, K+)
- Dehydration
- Esophagus and stomach rupture
- Chronic constipation (from laxative use)
- Tooth decay (erosion of dental enamel)
- Hormone imbalance
What disorders and issues are comorbid w/ Bulimia Nervosa?
- Depression, poor self esteem
- Anxiety disorders
- Substance use disorders (alcohol)
- Borderline personality disorder
- Childhood abuse issues
What is the DSM-V criteria for Binge Eating Disorder?
Repeated episodes of compulsive overeating during which are consumed
- large amounts of food
- at least once a week for at least 3 months
- w/o really feeling hungry
- to the point of feeling uncomfortably full
- often done in secret
- followed by feelings of disgust & guilt
What is the lifetime prevalence of Binge Eating Disorder?
At least 5%
What percentage of obese individuals go on to binge?
25-30%
When is the onset of Binge Eating Disorder?
Wider age range of onsets
What is the course of Binge Eating Disorder?
Chronic and progressive w/o treatment
Which gender predominates Binge Eating Disorder? Percentage?
50-60% are female
What disorders and issues are comorbid w/ Binge Eating Disorder?
- Anxiety disorders
- Depression
- Somatic symptom disorder
- Avoidance or Dependent personality disorder
- Medical issues (diabetes, hypertension)
What are the biological factors that contribute to eating disorders?
- Genetic predisposition (dopamine system)
- Hx of eating, drug use –> messes up metabolism
What are the psychological factors that contribute to eating disorders?
LOOKUP
What are the social factors that contribute to eating disorders?
- Societal expectations for appearances
- Media
What are the treatments of eating disorders?
- Medication
- Cognitive-Behavioral therapy
- Family therapy
- Treat comorbid condtions
Which medications are used to treat eating disorders?
- SSRIs
- Prozac (antidepressant)
What forms of cognitive-behavioral therapy are used to treat eating disorders?
- Reduce irrational thinking
- Establish healthy eating routine and diet
- Exposure w/ response prevention (for bulimia)
