Chapter 11- Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Define the Function: Cardiovascular System
the heart pumps blood through blood vessels throughout the body
Define: Pericardium
is a double walled sac that encloses the heart
Define: fibrous pericardium
the loosely fitting superficial part of the pericardium sac
Define the Function: Fibrous Pericardium
helps protect the heart and anchors it to surrounding structures, such as diaphragm and sternum
Define: Epicardium
part of the heart wall
Define the Function: Serous Fluid
allows the heart to beat easily in a relatively frictionless environment
Name the 3 layers to the heart wall
- EPIcardium- outer layer
- MYOcardium
- ENDOcardium- inner most layer
Which layer of the heart contracts
Myocardium
Define: Endocardium
is a thin, glistening sheet of endothelium that lines the heart chambers
Name the 4 chambers of the heart
2x Atria
2x Ventricles
Name the 2 systems that act to regulate heart activity
- nerves of the autonomic nervous system (they increase or decrease heart rate depending on which division is activated
- Intrinsic conduction system- built into heart tissue and sets basic rhythm
Define: Systole
heart contraction
Define: Dystole
heart relaxation
Define the order of cardiac cycle
- Mid-to-late diastole
- Ventricular systole
- Early diastole
Define: Cardiac Output
is the amount of blood pumped out by each side of the heart in 1min
Cardiac Output is the product of what?
Heart rate and Stroke volume
What is the formula for Cardiac Output
CO= HR (beats/min) X SV (ml/beat)
What is the largest artery of the body
Aorta
Define the Function: Hepatic Portal Circulation
drains the digestive organs, spleen and pancreas and deliver this blood to the liver through the hepatic portal vein
Name the organs of the Cardiovascular System
Heart
Blood vessels
