Chapter 11: Cancer Flashcards

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1
Q

cancer

A

1:3 people

a set of diseases in which abnormal body cells multiply and spread in an uncontrolled fashion

often forms a tissue mass called a tumor

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2
Q

metastasis

A

the process by which malignant body cells proliferate in number and spread to surrounding body tissues

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3
Q

carcinoma

A

85%

most common form in men is prostate followed by lung
most common form in women is breast followed by lung

cancer of the epithelial cells that line the outer and inner surfaces of the body, including the breasts, prostate, lungs, and skin

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4
Q

sarcoma

A

2%

cancer that strikes muscles, bones, and cartilage

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5
Q

lymphoma

A

cancer of the body’s lymph system includes Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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6
Q

carcinogen

A

a cancer-causing agent

tobacco
ultraviolet radiation
environmental toxin
alcohol
processed meats
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7
Q

consideration of future consequences

A

the extent to which individual consider and are influenced by the potential future outcomes of their behavior

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8
Q

melanoma

A

a potentially deadly form of cancer that strikes the melatonin-containing cells of the skin

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9
Q

comparative optimism

A

the tendency to think that one will experience more positive and fewer negative outcomes than others

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10
Q

immunocompetence

A

the overall ability of the immune system at any given time to defend the body against the harmful effects of foreign agents

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11
Q

immune surveillance theory

A

cells of the immune system play a monitoring function in searching for and destroying abnormal cells such as those that form tumors

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12
Q

immunotherapy

A

chemotherapy in which medications are used to support or enhance the immune system’s ability to selectively target cancer cells

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13
Q

post-traumatic growth

A

positive psychological change experienced as a result of struggle with a highly challenging life circumstance

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14
Q

guided imagery

A

formation of clear, strong, positive images

the use of one or more external devices to assist in relaxation

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15
Q

systematic desensitization (behavior therapy)

A

a form of behavior therapy commonly used for overcoming phobias

the person is exposed to a series of increasingly fearful situations while remaining deeply relaxed

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16
Q

leukemia

A

cancer of the blood/blood-producing system

17
Q

risk factor: stress

A

when the immune system is overwhelmed, natural killer cells have a hard time doing their job

perceived stress plays a role in immunosuppression

biphasic model demonstrates short-term stressors enhance immunity whereas long-term stressors damped immune responses

18
Q

risk factor: depression

A

if depressed during cancer, your risk heightens