Chapter 11: Book Terms

Question 1

anthropogenic landscape

Answer 1

a landscape heavily transformed by human agency

Question 2

autonomous region

Answer 2

provinces that have been granted a certain degree of political and cultural autonomy or freedom from central authority due to the fact they contain large number of non-Han Chinese people

Question 3

China Proper

Answer 3

the eastern half of the country of China, where the Han Chinese people form the dominant ethnic group. The vast majority of China’s population is located here

Question 4

Confucianism

Answer 4

a philosophical system based on the ideas of Confucius that stressed education and importance of respecting authority as well as importance of authoritarian figures acting in a responsible manner

Question 5

desertification

Answer 5

the spread of desert conditions into semiarid areas due to improper management of the land

Question 6

diaspora

Answer 6

the scattering of a particular group over a vast geographic area

Question 7

ideographic writing

Answer 7

a writing system in which each symbol represents a concept not a sound

Question 8

kanji

Answer 8

the Chinese characters used in Japanese writing

Question 9

laissez-faire

Answer 9

an economic system in which the state has minimal involvement and in which market forces largely guide economic activity

Question 10

Marxism

Answer 10

developed by Karl Marx

-with the premise that of a socialist economy run through a central planning agency

Question 11

pollution exporting

Answer 11

the process of exporting industrial pollution and other waste to other countries

Question 12

rust belt

Answer 12

regions of heavy industry that experience decline after their factories cease to operate

Question 13

sediment load

Answer 13

the amount of sand, silt, and clay a river is carrying

Question 14

shogun

Answer 14

the true ruler of Japan before 1868

Question 15

social and regional differentiation

Answer 15

the process by which certain classes of people or regions of country grower richer when other grow poorer

Question 16

special administrative region

Answer 16

a region that temporarily maintains its own laws and own system of government

Question 17

Special Economic Zone

Answer 17

small districts that have been opened to global capitalism

Question 18

sphere of influence

Answer 18

areas gained by European countries for trade purposes and more generally for economic exploration and political manipulation

Question 19

super conurbation

Answer 19

a massive urban agglomeration that results from the coalescing of two or more metropolitan areas

Question 20

urban primacy

Answer 20

a state in which a disproportionately large city dominates and is the center of economic, political, and cultural life