Chapter 11 - Attitudes towards imperialism in Britain Flashcards
Who were the supporters of empire?
. Supported at all levels of society - especially by the elite + ruling class
. Some believed the empire was needed to civilise the colonies - saw it as a racial duty
What was the Liberal view towards imperialism?
. Wanted the colonies to have an improved education system
. Improvement of the colonies and the people
What was the Conservative view towards imperialism?
Lord Salisbury and the Conservatives believed in the imperialist cause
Who were the Critics of empire?
. John Hobson
. Emily Hobhouse
. Walter Crane
. Fredric Harrison
What did Hobson believe?
. Empire only benefited the rich and wealthy
. Hobson said, “Imperial expansion was a capitalist plot”
Who was Emily Hobhouse?
. Welfare campaigner
. Reported on the Boer War + scorched earth tactics
. Wrote a government enquiry into the harsh conditions in concentration camps
. Circulation of the Guardian declined in Manchester after this
How many Boers fought against the British in the 2nd War?
30,000 - resisted the British for 2.5yrs
What was the state of the British military?
. Soldiers from other colonies were easy to recruit however soldiers from Britain were hard to come by
. Poor diet and living conditions weakened Britain’s manpower
. In Manchester, 8000/11000 volunteers were turned away
What was the 1902 Education Act?
Raised school standards and the opening of 1000 schools
What liberal reforms were introduced by PM Herbert Asquith with help from David Lloyd George and Churchill?
. Free school meals (1906),
. Old age pensions (1908)
. Unemployment and health insurance (1911)
. Giving the right to free medical treatment
What did Alfred Harmsworth do?
. Founded the newspaper the Daily Mail which was a cheap and populist newspaper - 1896
. During the Boer War, over a million copies were sold a day
Who was Rudyard Kipling?
A popular writer who had a religious belief in the empire and believed the people of the colonies should be civilised
Who was Edward Elgar?
. A composer who was widely known and popular
. He was an imperialist composer who created mental images for his listeners which was popular amongst the nobility
How were children and young people influenced on how to view the Empire?
. Howard Hanley Spicer set up the Boys’ Empire League which had 7000 members in 1900
. History and Geography books in state schools emphasised the glory of the empire
. Explorers + missionaries presented as heroes
. At the end of the year, there was an exam and first prize included £25 and a free trip to a colony
