Chapter 11

Question 1

Distinguish among the terms referring to male and female differences.

Answer 1

Gender identity—a perception of self as either male or female

Gender roles—characteristics, attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that society expects of females and males

Gender stereotypes—expectations about how people will look, act, think, and feel based on their sex

Question 2

What is gender stratification?

Answer 2

people’s unequal access to wealth, power, status, prestige, and other valued resources

Question 3

What evidence do we have of gender inequality?

Answer 3

The gender pay gap

Pregnancy Discrimination

Other Examples -

Women whose names indicate their gender are more likely to experience online harassment (cybersexism).

By third grade, boys outperform girls in math and science while girls excel at reading.

Women tend to be elementary teachers while males are hired as professors.

Question 4

What is sexual orientation?

Answer 4

a preference for sexual partners of the same sex, of the opposite sex, both sexes, or neither sex
> Homosexuals—attracted to people of the same sex
> Heterosexuals—attracted to people of the opposite sex
> Bisexuals—attracted to members of both sexes
> Asexuals—lack interest in sex

Question 5

Describe the current controversies about gender and sexuality.

Answer 5

Abortion—the expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus

Same-sex marriage—legally recognized marriage between 2 people of the same sex

Pornography—the graphic depiction of images that causes sexual arousal