chapter 11 Flashcards
social cognitive views of learning and motivation
social learning theory
thoery that emphisizes learning through observation of others
social cognitive theory
theory that adds concern with cognitive factors such as beliefs, self-perceptions and expectations to social learning theory = emphasis on the role of other people serving as models and teachers= learning by others is key
triarchic reciprocal causality
an explanation of behaviour that emphasizes the mutual effects of the individual and the environment on each other
four elements of observational learning
- attention : in order to observe and learn you have to pay attention
- retention : To imitate behaviour of a model you have to remember it
- production : need to be able to practice, accept feedback and coaching before mimicking a model’s actions
- motivation and reinforcement : we may have all the tools to complete a task but may still lack motivation
vicarious reinforcement
increasing the chances that we will repeat a behaviour by observing another person being reinforced for that behaviour
self-reinforcement
controlling your own reinforcers
ripple effect
contagious spreading of bhevaiours through imitation
self efficacy
a person’s sense of being able to deal effectively with a particular task
human agency
the capacity to coordinate learning skills, motivation, and emotions to reach your goals
Arousal
physical and psychological reactions causing a person to feel alert excited or tense
Vicarious experiences
accomplishments that are modelled by someone else
Self-efficacy is increased when students
(a) adopt short term goals
(b) taught to use specific learning strategies
(c) recieve rewards based on achievement
self-regulation
process of activating and sustaining thoughts, behaviours, and emotions in order to reach goals
to be productive self-regulated learners students needs…
- knowledge about themselves
- the subject
- the task
- the strategies for learning
- context in which they will apply their learning
volition
willpower, self-discipline; work styles that protect opportunites to reach goals by applying self regulated learning.
co-regulation
a transitional phase during which students gradually appropriate self-regulated learning and skills through modelling, direct teaching, feedback and coaching from teachers, parents or peers
shared regulation
students work together to regulate each other through reminders, prompts and other guidance
self-regulated learning
a view of learning as skills and will applied to analyzing learning tasks, setting goals and planning how to do the task, applying skills and especially making adjustements about how learning is carried out
self regulating learners excercise agency as they engage in four main stages which are?
(1) analyzing the learning task, what information is relevent when facing the task
(2) setting goals and devising plans, knowing conditions that influence work allows students to create better goals
(3) Enacting strategies to accomplish the task, learners consider what they know and what will help them succeed
(4) Regulating learning, metacognitive monitoring and control, which allows students to change any issues
Where do children first learn regulation?
In the home, parents can teach and support self-regulated learning through modelling, encouragement,facillation, rewarding of goal setting, good strategy use
Cognitive behaviour modification focuses on what
self-talk and self-instruction as tools for regulating your behaviour.
