Chapter 11

Question 1

What does personalty consist of ?

Answer 1

Stable psychological attributes that give you your identity

Question 2

5 big personality dimensions?

Answer 2

extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability and openness to experience

Question 3

Extroversion

Answer 3

How outgoing, talkative , sociable and assertive a person is

Question 4

Agreeableness

Answer 4

How trusting, good-natured and cooperative a person is

Question 5

Conscientiousness

Answer 5

How dependable, responsible and persistent one is

Question 6

Emotional stability

Answer 6

How relaxed, secure and unworried one is

Question 7

Openness to experience

Answer 7

How intellectual, imaginative, curious and broad-minded one is

Question 8

How can the big five in personality testing help a manager?

Answer 8

It can help predict behavior and job fitness, because extroversion and conscientiousness have been instrumental in hiring.

Question 9

Do graphology tests work?

Answer 9

No, but integrity tests work much better

Question 10

What are the benefits of a proactive personality?

Answer 10

They are more likely to take initiative and persevere to influence the environment.

Question 11

What are Core-Self Evaluation

Answer 11

Represent a broad personality trait comprising four traits which are self-efficacy, self-esteem, locus of control, emotional stability

Question 12

Self-Efficacy

Answer 12

The belief in one’s personal ability to do a task. Low levels are associated with learned helplessness, the lack of faith in one’s ability to control their own enviroment

Question 13

Self -Esteem

Answer 13

The extent to which people like or dislike themselves.. Managers can reinforce positive attitudes and skills.

Question 14

Locus of Control

Answer 14

How much perceived control people have over their life.

Question 15

Internal Locus of Control?

Answer 15

People believe that they control their own destiny

Question 16

External locus of control?

Answer 16

People believe that outside forces control their destiny

Question 17

Emotional Stability

Answer 17

The extent to how secure people feel and how likely they are to crack under pressure. People with low levels of emotional stability are prone to anxiety and tend to view the world negatively.

Question 18

Emotional Intelligence

Answer 18

The ability to carry out accurate reasoning about emotions and the ability to watch your feelings are use it to guide thinking and actions

Question 19

Why is EI important?

Answer 19

It is associated with better social and family relationships, academia, and psychological well being.

Question 20

Who popularized the 4 key traits of EI?

Answer 20

Daniel Goleman

Question 21

What are the 4 key traits of EI

Answer 21

Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social Awareness, and Relationship Management

Question 22

What is perception?

Answer 22

A 4 step process which can be affected by 4 types of distortion. It is defined by the process of interpreting and understanding one’s environment

Question 23

What are the 4 types of distortion?

Answer 23

Stereotyping, the halo effect, the recency effect and casual attraction

Question 24

What are the 4 steps of the perceptual process

Answer 24

Selective attention, interpretation and evaluation, storing in memory, and retrieving memory to make judgements and decisions.

Question 25

Stereotyping

Answer 25

The attribute to an individual that a person believes has characteristics are typical to which that individual belongs.

Question 26

The halo effect

Answer 26

Forming impressions of an individual based on a single trait.

Question 27

The recency effect

Answer 27

The recency effect is the tendency to remember recent info better than earlier info. When recall is activated the later recollections are present in working memory

Question 28

Casual attributions

Answer 28

The activity of inferring causes for observed behavior. Right or wrong we formulate cause and effect for our own behaviors and others.

Question 29

Fundamental Attribution Bias

Answer 29

Where people attribute another persons behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to situational factors.

Question 30

Self-Serving Bias

Answer 30

Where people tend to take more personal responsibility for success than for failure .

Question 31

Self-Fulfuilling Prophecy or Pygmalion effect?

Answer 31

The phenomenon in which people’s expectation of themselves or others lead them to behave in ways that make those expectations come true

Question 32

Why are expectations important?

Answer 32

They are important because by raising managers expectations for individuals , a higher level of achievement and productivity can be achieved.

Question 33

Why are attitudes important?

Answer 33

Because attitudes affect behavior.

Question 34

What are the three types of attitudes managers are interested in?

Answer 34

Employee engagement, job satisfaction and organizational commitment.

Question 35

Employee Engagement?

Answer 35

An individuals involvement, satisfaction and enthusiasm for work These employees are more likely to be more committed to their employer and put more effort into their jobs.

Question 36

Job Satisfaction?

Answer 36

The extent to which someone feels positive or negative about aspects of their job.

Question 37

Organizational Commitment

Answer 37

This reflects the extent to which an employee identifies an organization and is committed to its goals. Research shows a positive relationship between organization commitment and job satisfaction

Question 38

What are the 4 elements of managing workplace behaviors?

Answer 38

Performance and productivity, absenteeism and turnover, organizational citizenship behaviors and counterproductive work behaviors.

Question 39

Evaluating behavior when employees are working

Answer 39

Every job has expectations but in some jobs performance and productivity are easier to define than in the other. The method of evaluating performance must match the work being done

Question 40

Evaluating behavior when employees are not working

Answer 40

Absenteeism sometimes is acceptable like illness and injury or death but no show behavior is relegated to job satisfaction. Absenteeism can be a precursor to job turnover.

Question 41

Evaluating counterproductive work behaviors

Answer 41

Types of behaviors that harm employees and the organization as a whole.