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ECFA-135 > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Question: The _____ ____ is the amount of foam or foam solution needed to supress a fire.

A

Application Rate.

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2
Q

Question: An eductor works on the _____ principle.

A

Venturi.

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3
Q

Question: The technique of foam application where the foam is sprayed high into the air over the fire and it floats down onto it is called?

A

Snowflake or Raindown.

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4
Q

Question: Which of the two class B flammable liquid categories (hydrocarbons and polar solvents) do not mix with water?

A

Hydrocarbons.

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5
Q

Question: When having the option to connect to a standpipe of a sprinkler system, which one would you want to connect to first?

A

Standpipe

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6
Q

Question: Fuels that mix well with water are called

A

Miscible or water soluble

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7
Q

Question: This type of foam, when sprayed creates a high water retention rate, is heat resistant and is made from natural materials such as animal blood and metallic salts is called what?

A

Protein Foam

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8
Q

Question: What is the term for how fast the foam spreads across the surface of fuel?

A

Knockdown speed

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9
Q

Question: What class of foam is used to penetrate ordinary combustibles and keeps fuel wet, reducing its ability to burn?

A

Class A

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10
Q

Question: The _____-___ technique is when the foam strikes the ground before the fire and rolls into the fire.

A

Bank-in

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11
Q

Question: The ____-_____ or the bounce-off technique is when the foam is banked off a wall or other object and rolls back into the fire.

A

Bank-back

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12
Q

Question: What two knots are used to hoist a pick-head axe?

A

Clove Hitch and Half Hitch

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13
Q

Question: What knot is used to hoist a chainsaw?

A

Figure eight on a bight

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14
Q

Question: The _____ _____ _____ ______ is when compressed air is injected into the foam solution PRIOR to entering any hose lines

A

Compressed Air Foam System OR CAFS

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15
Q

Question: What kind of foams contain a polymer that forms a protective layer between the burning surface and the foam, preventing the foam breakdown by alcohols present in the burning fuel.

A

Alcohol-Resistant Foams

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16
Q

Question: This term refers to the ability to contain or control the production of fuel vapors.

A

Vapor Suppression

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17
Q

Question: This class of foam creates a blanket that cools and smothers the fire, floats on the surface, and seals in vapors.

A

Class B

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18
Q

Question: When using foam, it is important to wash out the components that the foam went through because foam is _______.

A

Corrosive

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19
Q

Question: High expansion foam, used to fill up entire areas, is a special type of what kind of foam?

A

Detergent (type) foams

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20
Q

Question: _______ is the arrangement or configuration of the droplets of water or foam as they leave the nozzle.

A

Stream shape OR Stream pattern

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21
Q

Question: _______ is the measurement of friction in a system such as a hose line

A

Friction Loss

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22
Q

Question: _______ devices are capable of flowing over 350 gpm, and some have capabilities of many thousands of gallons per minute. These devices must be apparatus-mounted or secured properly.

A

Master stream

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23
Q

Question: What is the major factor in nature that can negatively affect a fire stream?

A

Wind OR Wind Direction

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24
Q

Question: _______ is the study of fluids at rest and in motion.

A

Hydraulics

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25
Q

Question:The two basic types of nozzles are solid stream and ______ nozzles.

A

Fog

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26
Q

Question: _________ fire attack is used to attack the fire by aiming the flow of water directly at the seat of fire.

A

Direct

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27
Q

Question: One cubic foot of water in liquid form expands _________ times when converted to steam.

A

1,700

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28
Q

Question: ___________ fire attack is used to attack interior fires by applying a fog stream into a closed room or compartment, converting the water into steam to extinguish the fire.

A

Indirect

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29
Q

Question: One way to remember which way to adjust a fog nozzle is through the saying,” ________ to fight, ________ for life”

A

Right, Left

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30
Q

Question: Fire ____________ is the water or other agent as it leaves the hose and nozzle toward its objective, usually the fire.

A

Stream

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31
Q

Question: What is the distance the water will travel after leaving the nozzle?

A

Nozzle Reach

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32
Q

Question: Velocity ______________ is the forward pressure of water as it leaves an opening?

A

Pressure

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33
Q

Question: What class of foam is used to protect homes in the urban interface (wild land)?

A

class A foam

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34
Q

Question: What % concentration is protein foam applied in?

A

3-6%

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35
Q

Question: Does protein foam or fluoroprotein foam have a faster knockdown time?

A

fluroprotein foam

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36
Q

Question: Device that siphons a liquid from a container into a moving stream.

A

eductor

37
Q

Question: Before connecting to an FDC (Fire Department Connection), what is important to check for before sending water through the FDC?

A

Clear of debris, clear of trash, or the FDC is clear

38
Q

Question: What does AFFF stand for?

A

Aqueous Film-Forming Foam


39
Q

Question:What type of nozzle is recomended for protein and fluoroprotein foam?

A

Foam nozzle

40
Q

Question:A nozzle designed to pierce through building walls and floors is called?

A

piercing nozzle

41
Q

Question:This nozzle has 6 or 9 openings designed to spin when placed in a basement fire.

A

Bresnan distributor or Broken Stream nozzle

42
Q

Question:To tie a 5 gallon bucket for hoisting operations so its contents do not spill, which 2 knots are utilized?

A

Figure eight and Bowline

43
Q

Question: In alcohol resistant foam, what forms between the fuel and foam itself?

A

Polymer

44
Q

Question: The backward thrust when the bale is opened on a nozzle is called?

A

Nozzle Reaction

45
Q

Question: An eductor in which the waterway is always piped through a venturi is an _________.

A

In-Line eductor

46
Q

Question: _________ eliminate the need for friction loss calculations during pump operations.

A

Flowmeters

47
Q

Question: What are the three methods of fire attack regarding a hose stream?

A

Direct, indirect, combination

48
Q

Question: Protein foam is made from natural protein materials with ______ salts?

A

Metallic

49
Q

Question: _______ is added to improve water’s extinguishment ability for fires where water is ineffective?

A

Foam

50
Q

Question: Piercing nozzles were originally designed to penetrate the skin of ________?

A

Aircraft

51
Q

Question: What is the ability of the foam to stand up to the heat of the fire or to hot surfaces near the fire?

A

Heat resistance

52
Q

Question: What is an aggregate of gas-filled bubbles formed from aqueous solutions of specially formulated concentrated liquid foaming agents.

A

Foam

53
Q

Question: this is the amount of water that can be moved to extinguish the fire

A

available flow

54
Q

Question: What are most foam tanks in engines made of?

A

Fiberglass

55
Q

Question: How many gallons do most foam tanks in engines hold?

A

20-25 Gallons

56
Q

Question: Which foam type is the most common and has a high knockdown rate and heat/vapor suppression?

A

Fluoroprotein

57
Q

Question: For aircraft fires, what type of foam would be used?

A

High-tension

58
Q

QUESTION: A NORMAL FOG HANDLINE HAS A NOZZLE PRESSURE OF___ PSI?

A

100

59
Q

QUESTION: THE AMOUNT OF WATER FLOWING FROM THE DISCHARGE SIDE OF THE PUMP IS CALLED?

A

DISCHARGE FLOW

60
Q

QUESTION: ALCOHOL - RESISTANT FOAMS ARE DESIGNATED BY THE LETTERS___ PRECEDING THE TYPE OF FOAM?

A

AR

61
Q

Question: What type of nozzle is capable of providing straight stream and spry patters, which are adjustable or variable by the operator?

A

Combination nozzle

62
Q

Question: What knot is used for hoisting a med box or tool box?

A

Handcuff or Butterfly knot

63
Q

Question: What is one of the four elements that affect a fire stream?

A

Pump, water, hose, or nozzle

64
Q

Question: What type of foam uses synthetic surfactants to break down the surface tension of water and create a foaming blanket?

A

Detergent-type foams

65
Q

Question: When using a combination fire attack, direct the nozzle at the ceiling and then the fire with a circular motion of what letter(s)?

A

Z or T

66
Q

Question: Before attacking a fire with a charged hose, the firefighter should ____ the hose to make sure all the air and enough pressure is produced.

A

Bleed

67
Q

Question: Caused by the rubbing of materials against each other while in movement and converts or robs some of the movement energy into heat energy is called ________

A

Friction

68
Q

Question: What is a device with four spray nozzles designed to rotate in a circular spray pattern for fighting fires in basements or cellars when firefighters cannot make a direct on the fire?

A

Cellar Nozzle

68
Q

Question: What percent of foam concentration should be used to put out an alcohol fire?

A

6%

69
Q

Question: What must be added to foam solution and water to complete the process of using foam application?

A

Air

70
Q

Question: Foams are used on which two classes of fire?

A

Class A and Class B

71
Q

Question: Water _____ is measured in pounds per square inch (psi) or kilopascals (kPA).

A

Pressure

72
Q

Question: The rate or quantity of water delivered, usually measured in gallons per minute or liters per minute is known as?

A

Flow

73
Q

Question: A tapered or constricted tube used to increase or change the direction of water or other fluids is known as a?

A

Nozzle

74
Q

Question: Ability to tolerate the fuel and to avoid being saturated by our picking up the fuel is known as what?

A

Fuel resistance

75
Q

Question: These polar solvent type foams create a ______ barrier that separates the pollar solvent from the liquid of the foam.

A

Polymeric

76
Q

Question: oil, diesel, gasoline, kerosene are all types of what?

A

hydrocarbons

77
Q

Question: alcohols, thinners, acetone, acetates are all types of what?

A

polar solvents

78
Q

Question: in fuel, E85 is 85% ethanol and ____% gas?

A

15%

79
Q

Question: Are heating oil and gasoline examples of Hydrocarbons or Polar Solvents?

A

Hydrocarbons

80
Q

Question: In a straight stream nozzle, this creates an opening in the pattern, which may allow air into the stream and reduce its reach.

A

The baffle

81
Q

Question: Name 1 of 3 disadvantages of a solid stream

A

lack of volume, lack of protection, higher nozzle reaction

82
Q

Question: ___________ nozzles usually have shutoffs, but many other appliances do not provide shutoffs at the nozzle and the only control is the ability to aim it.

A

Handline

83
Q

Question: Adjustable ___________ nozzles provide personal protection for the nozzle person by utilizing a screening effect from the convected and radiated heat..

A

fog

84
Q

Question: Many Fire Departments have tried to minimize the possibility of thermal burns by utilizing _________ stream nozzles for interior fire attack.

A

Solid

85
Q

Question: What is ONE important factor in nozzle selection?

A

nozzle pressure, flow, reach, stream shape or reaction.

86
Q

Question: Nozzle pressure is the pressure for effective nozzle operation and relates to _____ and ______.

A

flow and reach.

87
Q

Question: Small diameter hose lines typically flow from 100 to over ________gpm?

A

250

88
Q

Question: Regarding water flow from a nozzle, increasing restriction will increase_________?

A

Pressure

ECFA-135 (12 decks)

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