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psychology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

what views personality with a focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences

A

psychodynamic theories

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2
Q

who did those theories come from

A

Sigmund Freud

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3
Q

what is psychoanalysis

A

freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts: the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions

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4
Q

what is an individual’s characteristic patterns of thinking, feeling, and acting

A

personality

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5
Q

know what the unconscious is

A

Ok

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6
Q

Freud believed the unconscious seeped into peoples daily things like what?

A

wok, beliefs, daily habits

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7
Q

what is it when in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how unimportant or embarrassing

A

free association

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8
Q

Freud believed that personality developed from three conflicting systems.. what were they?

A

id, ego, superego

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9
Q

what is the ID

A

unconscious energy that reacts on the pleasure principle

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10
Q

what is the ego

A

conscious executive of personality that reacts on the reality principle… balances the superego and Id

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11
Q

what is the superego

A

part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgement and for future goals

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12
Q

what is the childhood stages of development during with the id’s pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones?

A

psychosexual stages

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13
Q

what are distinct pleasure sensitive areas of the body

A

erogenous zones

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14
Q

list the psychosexual stages in order

A

oral( sucking, biting, chewing)0-18 months, anal stage (bowel or bladder elimination) 18-36 months, phallic (pleasure zone in the genitals) 3-6 years, Latency (dormant sexual feelings) 6-puberty, genital (maturation of sexual interests)puberty on ward

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15
Q

what is the Oedipus complex

A

boy has sexual feelings for mom and develops jealousy to the rival father (Electra complex for girls)

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16
Q

what is the process by which acc to Freud children incorporate their parents values into their developing superegos

A

identification

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17
Q

our sense of being male or female is known as what

A

gender identity

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18
Q

what is acc to Freud a lingering focus of pleasures seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual, in which conflicts were unresolved

A

fixation

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19
Q

in psychoanalysis, what is the egos protective methods of reducing anxiety

A

defense mechanisms

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20
Q

what is the main form of defense mechanisms?

A

repression

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21
Q

what is repression?

A

Banishes from consciousness the thoughts, feelings, and memories that arouse anxiety

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22
Q

know and rehearse the other six defense mechanisms

A

ok

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23
Q

who are several hound ambitious followers of Sigmund Freud who formed an inner circle around him

A

neo-Freudians

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24
Q

list three Neo- Freudians

A

Alfred Adler, Karen Horney, Carl Jung

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25
Q

in what points did Neo- Freudians differ with Freud

A

more emphasis on conscious plus and they didn’t believe all of the sex and aggression as ALL consuming motivations

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26
Q

personality tests such as the ink blot,that provides an unclear image designed to trigger projection of the tests unconscious thoughts or feelings

A

projective tests

27
Q

the Rorschach ink blot test has low what

A

validity and reliability

28
Q

where does psychology’s strength come from

A

using same scientific methods as biologists chemists and physicians

29
Q

modern researches now challenge the idea of repression why?

A

it’s near impossible to repress bad memories

30
Q

the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors

A

false consensus effect

31
Q

humanistic psychology aims to do what

A

focus on the way healthy people strive for self determination and self actualization

32
Q

who proposed a hierarchy of needs

A

Abe Maslow

33
Q

I know hierarchy of needs, self actualization and self transcendence

A

ok

34
Q

Carl Rogers said we nurture growth in what three ways

A

being genuine
being accepting
being empathetic

35
Q

being accepting has unconditional positive regard…what is that

A

acc to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

36
Q

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question… (who am I)

A

self concept

37
Q

what do critics say about humanistic psychology

A

it’s based in personal opinion rather than scientific evidence…… and are vague plus humanistic psych fails to appreciate our human capacity for evil

38
Q

what is a characteristic pattern of behavior or a tendency to feel and act in a certain way as assessed by self reports on personality test

A

trait

39
Q

Gordon Allport has been less concerned with_____ traits rather than with _____them

A

explaining

describing

40
Q

what is a cluster of behavior tendencies that occur together

A

factor

41
Q

what two variations in personality did the Eyesynk brothers believe in

A

emotional stability-instability and extroversion- introversion

42
Q

know what the MMPI

A

I’m not writing that whole definition

43
Q

personality inventories do what?

A

used to assess selected personality traits

44
Q

what is CONOE

A 
Conscientiousness 
Agreeableness 
Neuroticism 
Openness 
Extraversion
45
Q

how stable are those traits

A

it changes

46
Q

have these traits changed over time

A

yes Thru culture

47
Q

do we inherit these traits

A

50% though genes

48
Q

do these traits reflect differing Brain structure or function

A

doesn’t correlate

49
Q

how well do these traits apply to various cultures

A

pretty good

50
Q

do the Big Five traits predict our actual behavior

A

yes

51
Q

traits have to ____over time and ____ situations to be useful indicators of personality

A

persist across

52
Q

as we grow older, our personality ______

A

stabilize

53
Q

where are the places that personality can lurk

A

music preferences
bedrooms and offices
electronic communications
social networking sites

54
Q

what is the interacting influences of behavior, internal personal factors and environment

A

reciprocal determination

55
Q

views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context

A

social cognitive preferences

56
Q

our sense of competence and effectiveness

A

self efficacy

57
Q

our genetically influences traits evoke certain responses from others which may nudge us in one direction

A

heredity environment interaction

58
Q

a person’s _____behavior predicts the _____ of ____situations

A

past

outcome

similar

59
Q

what do social cognitive theories build from

A

psychological research on learning and cognition

60
Q

what is self

A

our image and understanding of who we are…center of personality that organizes thoughts feelings and actions

61
Q

the overestimating of others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance and blunders is what?

A

spotlight effect

62
Q

our feelings of High or low self worth

A

self esteem

63
Q

MOST people see themselves with ______ self esteem

A

high

psychology (7 decks)

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