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8th History > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin in America?

A

New England

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2
Q

What is capitalism?

A

Individuals put their capital into a buisness in hopes of making a profit

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3
Q

What is money used for an investment?

A

Capital

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4
Q

What is a system where people are free to buy, sell, and produce what they want and can work where they wish?

A

Free Enterprise System

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5
Q

What sets the prices of goods in a free enterprise system?

A

Supply and Demand

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6
Q

What is technology?

A

Scientific discoveries that simplify work

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7
Q

What gives inventors legal rights to their inventions?

A

Patents

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8
Q

Who invented the Cotton Gin?

A

Eli Whitney

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9
Q

Who opened the first textile mill in the US?

A

Samuel Slater

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10
Q

What happened to demand for cotton as a result of textile mill growth in New England?

A

Demand for cotton grew

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11
Q

What was the cause of the growth of cities and towns in the North?

A

Growth of factories

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12
Q

What is the difference between urban and rural?

A

Urban - city

Rural - country

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13
Q

What were the three things necessary for Western Expansion in the United States?

A

Roads, steamboats, and canals

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14
Q

Who led a failed expedition into Kentucky, but wrote journal writings that would help future explorers settle there?

A

Dr. Thomas Walker

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15
Q

Who was the first permanent European settler in modern day Tennessee?

A

William Bean

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16
Q

Why was the Cumberland Gap important to the Wilderness Road?

A

It allowed for a path to be created that made passing through the Appalachian Mountains easier.

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17
Q

What was the importance of the Wilderness Road to the development of Tennessee?

A

It aided the early exploration of Tennessee because it made passing through the mountains easier

18
Q

Who blazed the trail for the Wilderness Road?

A

Daniel Boone and 30 skilled forresters

19
Q

Where was the first capital of the Southwest Territory?

A

Rocky Mount (Piney Flats, TN)

20
Q

Who was the first person to be voted in as a Senator from Tennessee?

A

William Blount

21
Q

What was important about John Sevier?

A

He was the 1st governor of Tennessee

22
Q

What is a long hunter?

A

An American wilderness explorer for at least 6 moths at a time

23
Q

What is a turnpike?

A

Toll roads (pay at them)

24
Q

What road became important to the development of Tennessee because it allowed farmers to get back to middle Tennessee after selling crops?

A

Natchez Trace

25
Q

Who created the first steamboat?

A

Robert Fulton

26
Q

Steamboats improved the transport of what two things?

A

Goods and passengers

27
Q

What are artificial waterways?

A

Canals

28
Q

What canal connected Albany to Buffalo and opened up New York to even more trade opportunities?

A

Erie Canal

29
Q

Who was the President in 1817?

A

James Monroe

30
Q

What was the Era of Good Feelings?

A

A time when political differences seemed to fade away after the War of 1812

31
Q

What was the change from an agrarian society to one based on industry?

A

Industrial Revolution

32
Q

Why did the Era of Good Feelings not last long?

A

It didn’t last long because the Western Expansion of the US led to increased sectionalism. (Loyalty to region)

33
Q

What is the name for showing loyalty to a region?

A

Sectionalism

34
Q

Who was a chief supporter of state sovereignty?

A

John C. Calhoun

35
Q

What was Henry Clay’s system that promoted tariffs to stimulate American industry growth?

A

The American System

36
Q

What helped preserve the balance between the North and the South?

A

The Missouri Compromise

37
Q

What two states were involved in the Missouri Compromise?

A

Missouri and Maine

38
Q

What was a court case over states rights that said that state governments could not have power over the national government?

A

McCulloh v. Maryland

39
Q

Who was Chief Justice of the Supreme Court for the rulings of Marbury v. Madison and McCulloh v. Maryland?

A

Chief Justice John Marshall

40
Q

What treaty was an example of America’s military strength and allowed Florida to become part of the country?

A

The Adams-Onis Treaty

41
Q

What statement was an important part of American foreign policy?

A

The Monroe Doctrine

8th History (15 decks)

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