Chapter 11 Flashcards
The most common pattern of population growth, in which population size rises and falls over time.
population fluctuations
When the number of individuals in a population explodes at certain times.
outbreak
Alternating periods of high and low abundance occur after constant intervals of time.
population cycles
Delays in the effect the density has on population size.
delayed density dependence
The deviations from the carrying capacity gradually get smaller over time.
damped oscillations
A cycle that fluctuates indefinitely around the carrying capacity.
stable limit cycle
Mating between related individuals.
inbreeding
Chance events related to the survival and reproduction of individuals.
demographic stochasiticty
Occurs when the population growth rate decreases as the population density decreases.
allee effect
Erratic or unpredictable changes in the environment.
environmental stochasticity
An extreme environmental event such as a flood, severe windstorm, or outbreak of disease that can eliminate or drastically reduce population size.
natural catastrophe
A set of spatially isolated populations linked to one another by dispersal.
metapopulation
The breaking up of once continuous habitat into a complex pattern of spatially isolated habitat patches amid a matrix of human dominated landscape.
habitat fragmentation
Occurs when patches located far away from occupied patches are less likely to be colonized than nearby patches.
isolation by distance
Occurs when the abundance of a population is limited by nutrient supply or food availability.
bottom up control
