Chapter 10

Question 1

The chance that an individual at age X will survive to be age X+1.

Answer 1

survival rate

Question 2

The proportion of individuals that survive from birth (0) to age X.

Answer 2

survivorship

Question 3

The average number of offspring produced by a female while she is still of age X.

Answer 3

fecundity

Question 4

The fate of a group of individuals born during the same time period (cohort) is followed from birth to death.

Answer 4

cohort life table

Question 5

A graph based on survivorship data that plots the numbers of individuals from a hypothetical cohort that will survive to reach different ages.

Answer 5

survivorship curve

Question 6

A survivorship curve in which newborns, juveniles, and young adults all have high survival rates and death rates do not begin to increase greatly until old age.

Answer 6

type 1 survivorship curve

Question 7

A survivorship curve in which individuals experience a constant chance of surviving from one age to the next throughout their lives.

Answer 7

type 2 survivorship curve

Question 8

A survivorship curve in which individuals die at very high rates when they are young, but those that reach adulthood survive well later in life.

Answer 8

type 3 survivorship curve

Question 9

The proportions of the population in each age class.

Answer 9

age structure

Question 10

When the age structure of a population does not change from one year to the next.

Answer 10

stable age distribution

Question 11

Change in the size of a population of a species with discrete reproduction by a constant proportion from one discrete time period to the next.

Answer 11

geometric growth

Question 12

A constant proportion by which a population of a species with discrete reproduction changes in size from one discrete time period to the next; also called the finite rate of increase.

Answer 12

geometric population growth rate

Question 13

When a population of a species with continuous reproduction changes in size by a constant proportion at each instant in time.

Answer 13

exponential growth

Question 14

A constant proportion by which a population of a species with continuous reproduction changes in size at each instant in time; also called the intrinsic rate of increase.

Answer 14

exponential growth rate

Question 15

Of or referring to a factor that causes birth rates, death rates, or dispersal rates to change as the density of a population changes.

Answer 15

density-dependent

Question 16

Of or referring to a factor whose effects on birth and death rates are independent of population size.

Answer 16

density-independent

Question 17

When one or more density-dependent facts cause population size to increase when numbers are low and decrease when numbers are high.

Answer 17

population regulation

Question 18

A pattern in which abundance increases rapidly at first, then stabilizes at the carrying capacity.

Answer 18

logistic growth

Question 19

The maximum population size that can be supported indefinitely by the environment.

Answer 19

carrying capacity