Chapter 11

Question 0

Advantages of the Confederacy

Answer 0

Psychological
Strong military tradition
Robert E. Lee (union also wanted him as a general)
Better military leadership

Question 1

Advantages of the Union

Answer 1

Population
Because of industrialization and manufacturing they could produce more ammunition, arms, uniforms, medical support and railroad cars
Larger railroad to move troops and material
Small but organized navy, could blockade
Better political leadership due to Lincoln’s guidance

Question 2

Confederacy Strategies

Answer 2

Advantages- didn’t need to conquer just avoid defeat, fighting a defensive war on familiar ground
Military- preserve small armies while doing enough damage to erode unions army, had the will to fight
Politically- hoped to win formal recognition from Britain and France (trade with these nations was crucial to south, since North’s manufactured goods were cut off) European textile was dependent on cotton (confederate leaders thought that since they needed cotton they’d help but they eventually abandoned them and got cotton from Egypt)

Question 3

Where were most battles fought

Answer 3

South only two in north

Question 4

Bull run 
Who wins
Hero
When 
Where

Answer 4

Confederates win 
Hero- Stonewall Jackson (confederates) 
July 1861
General Irvin McDowell (union)
Manassas, Virginia

Question 5

Union strategies

Answer 5

Anaconda plan- two parts
1- union would blockade southern ports (starving south of income and supplies)
2- drive along Mississippi River (control of that would split confederacy in two, weakening it
3- wanted to capture Richmond, the capital
Politically- Lincoln had to be careful because if he lost Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware and Maryland to secession the union would loose, he said he didn’t intended to free the slaves

Question 6

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 6

Freed no one
Statement of freedom
13th amendment freed slaves
Military decree
(Freed people still in rebellion after January 1, 1863)
Didn’t apply to loyal border states or to places that were already under union army control

Question 7

54th Massachusetts Regiment

Answer 7

All black regiment (fights in the civil war)
1/2 to 2/3 get whipped out at Fort Wagner or Folly beach
Led by white officers

Question 8

Merrimack v Monitor

Answer 8

First battle between iron clads in navel warfare

Question 9

Antietam (M.D.)

Answer 9

Bloodiest single day of the civil war lost 23,000
September 1862
Lee warmed to inspire a pro-confederate uprising
Maryland (border state, many favored the south)
“Proclamation to the people of Maryland” - issued to invite all to ally with the south, later found invites wrapped around cigars at a rebel cite, used the element of surprise

Question 10

Copperhead

Answer 10

Opposed Lincoln and the war, wanted to make peace with the south

Question 11

Conscription (draft)

Answer 11

Rich benefited, they could pay $300 for a replacement and for every 20 slaves you owned you got an exemption
“Poor mans fight”

Question 12

Clara Barton

Answer 12

Nursed wounded soldiers on the battlefield
1870 in Europe on vacation she nursed soldiers between Frances and Germany
Found the American branch of international Red Cross and was president for 20 plus years, added to disaster relief (women’s role)

Question 13

Where is Vicksburg

Answer 13

Mississippi

On the river

Question 14

Siege

Answer 14

Military tactic the army surrounds, bombards and cuts off all supplies to an enemy position in order to force its surrender

Question 15

Who wins Vicksburg

Answer 15

Union captures it and splits the confederacy in two

Question 16

Civil war years

Answer 16

1861-1865

Question 17

Gettysburg, PA

Answer 17

3 day battle
50,000 killed or wounded
North wins and is considered the turning point of the war
Lee was trying to take pressure off south and farmers by taking war to the north, the confederates fought from north and union fought from south
Pickets charge is biggest mistake on lee’s part

Question 18

Pickets charge

Answer 18

Huge mistake by Lee
Send men into a one mile land trying to break into enemy lines
7,000 people die in 20 minutes

Question 19

Gettysburg Address

Answer 19

Today seen as an enduring statement of American values/goals
Described Civil War as a struggle to fulfill the Declaration of Independence and to preserve a nation “dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal”

Question 20

Total war

Answer 20

Striking civilian as well as military targets, purpose- to weaken not just the enemy’s army but also the economy that supports them and the overall will of the people to fight

Question 21

What place doesn’t Sherman burn

Answer 21

Madison, Georgia

Question 22

What did Charleston do because they thought Sherman was coming

Answer 22

Burned themselves

Already shut down from blockades

Question 23

The south is done after

Answer 23

Sherman burns most of it to the ground because of total war
Brutal
Gets the war over with

Question 24

Goals of total war

Answer 24

Strike military and civilian targets
Destroy materials and crops that enemy forces might be able to use
Break people’s will to continue fighting
Destroy railroads and factories to damage the local economy

Question 25

13th amendment

Answer 25

Outlaws slavery

1865

Question 26

14th amendment

Answer 26

Defines citizenship

Question 27

15th amendment

Answer 27

Black men have the right to vote

1870

Question 28

Lincoln assassination

Answer 28

1865
Fords theatre
John Wilkes Booth

Question 29

Mathew Brady

Answer 29

Photographer throughout the war

Question 30

Land grant college

Answer 30

Gave money from the sale of public lands for the establishment of universities that taught “agriculture and mechanical arts”