Chapter 11

Question 1

amalgamation

Answer 1

the process by which a minority group and a majority group combine to form a new group

Question 2

antiracist

Answer 2

a person who opposes racism and acts for racial justice

Question 3

assimilation

Answer 3

the process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture

Question 4

colorism

Answer 4

the belief that one type of skin tone is superior or inferior to another within a racial group

Question 5

culture of prejudice

Answer 5

the theory that prejudice is embedded in our culture

Question 6

discrimination

Answer 6

prejudiced action against a group of people

Question 7

dominant group

Answer 7

a group of people who have more power in a society than any of the subordinate groups

Question 8

ethnicity

Answer 8

shared culture, which may include heritage, language, religion, and more

Question 9

expulsion

Answer 9

the act of a dominant group forcing a subordinate group to leave a certain area or even the country

Question 10

genocide

Answer 10

the deliberate annihilation of a targeted (usually subordinate) group

Question 11

intersection theory

Answer 11

theory that suggests we cannot separate the effects of race, class, gender, sexual orientation, and other attributes

Question 12

minority group

Answer 12

any group of people who are singled out from the others for differential and unequal treatment

Question 13

model minority

Answer 13

the stereotype applied to a minority group that is seen as reaching higher educational, professional, and socioeconomic levels without protest against the majority establishment

Question 14

pluralism

Answer 14

the ideal of the United States as a “salad bowl:” a mixture of different cultures where each culture retains its own identity and yet adds to the “flavor” of the whole

Question 15

prejudice

Answer 15

biased thought based on flawed assumptions about a group of people

Question 16

racial profiling

Answer 16

the use by law enforcement of race alone to determine whether to stop and detain someone

Question 17

racial steering

Answer 17

the act of real estate agents directing prospective homeowners toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race

Question 18

racism

Answer 18

a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that are used to justify the belief that one racial category is somehow superior or inferior to others

Question 19

redlining

Answer 19

the practice of routinely refusing mortgages for households and business located in predominately minority communities

Question 20

scapegoat theory

Answer 20

a theory that suggests that the dominant group will displace its unfocused aggression onto a subordinate group

Question 21

sedimentation of racial inequality

Answer 21

the intergenerational impact of de facto and de jure racism that limits the abilities of Black people to accumulate wealth

Question 22

segregation

Answer 22

the physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions

Question 23

social construction of race

Answer 23

the school of thought that race is not biologically identifiable

Question 24

stereotypes

Answer 24

oversimplified ideas about groups of people

Question 25

subordinate group

Answer 25

a group of people who have less power than the dominant group

Question 26

systemic racism

Answer 26

racism embedded in social institutions; also referred to as institutional racism and structural racism

Question 27

White privilege

Answer 27

the societal privilege that benefits White people, or those perceived to be White, over non-White people in some societies, including the United States