Chapter 10: Transport in Humans and Animals

Question 1

What are the reasons for a transport system in complex multicellular organisms?

Answer 1

• A large body has a low TSA/V ratio where the rate of diffusion becomes low
• need more oxygen and more nutrients and more waste products to be removed
• cells are located far away from the body

Question 2

There are ___ types of circulatory system which are ___ circulatory system and _____ circulatory system.

Answer 2

• 2
• open
• closed

Question 3

Explain open and closed circulatory systems.

Answer 3

Open
- blood is not confined in closed blood vessels
- open-ended blood vessels
- blood and fluid mix to form hemolymph
Closed
- blood flows through closed blood vessels
- heart pumps the blood to all body cells
- flows back into heart

Question 4

Insects have ___. Fish has a _____ circulatory system. Amphibians have a double _____ circulatory system. Humans have _____ complete circulatory system.

Answer 4

• open
• single
• incomplete
• double

Question 5

Explain the circulatory system in insects.

Answer 5

• tube-shaped heart with openings along the sides called Ostia
• heart pumps hemolymph into the body cavity called the hemocoel
• ## diffusion occurs between body cells and hemolymph ( nutrients )