CHAPTER 10 - THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

Question 1

Stares momentarily at spot where object disappeared

Lack of object permanence (out of sight, out of mind [e.g., yarn ball dropped])

Answer 1

2 MONTHS

Question 2

Stares at own hand

Self-discovery, cause and effect

Answer 2

4 MONTHS

Question 3

Pretend play with doll (e.g., gives doll bottle)

Symbolic thought

Answer 3

17

Question 4

Uses stick to reach toy

Able to link actions to solve problems

Answer 4

17

Question 5

Egocentric symbolic play (e.g., pretends to drink from cup)

Beginning symbolic thought

Answer 5

12

Question 6

Uncovers toy (after seeing it hidden)

Object permanence

Answer 6

8 months

same source is 9 months-object permanence (constancy)

Question 7

Bangs 2 cubes

Active comparison of objects

Answer 7

8

Question 8

Speaks first real word

Beginning of labeling

Answer 8

12

Question 9

Speaks 2-word sentences (e.g., “Mommy shoe”)

Beginning grammatization, corresponds with 50 word vocabulary

Answer 9

19

Question 10

Speaks 10-15 words

Acquisition of object and personal names

Answer 10

18

Question 11

Speaks 4-6 words

Acquisition of object and personal name

Answer 11

15

Question 12

Points to objects

Interactive communication

Answer 12

10

Question 13

Says “mama” or “dada”

Expressive language

Answer 13

10

Question 14

Follows one-step command without gesture

Verbal receptive language (e.g., “Give it to me”)

Answer 14

10

Question 15

Follows one-step command with gesture

Nonverbal communication

Answer 15

7

Question 16

Inhibits to “no”

Response to tone (nonverbal)

Answer 16

7

Question 17

Monosyllabic babble

Experimentation with sound, tactile sense

Answer 17

6

Question 18

Smiles in response to face, voice

More active social participant

Answer 18

1.5

Question 19

Grasps rattle

Object use

Answer 19

3.5

Question 20

Reaches for objects

Visuomotor coordination

Answer 20

4

Question 21

Palmar grasp gone

Voluntary release

Answer 21

4

Question 22

Transfers object hand to hand

Comparison of objects

Answer 22

5.5

Question 23

Thumb-finger grasp

Able to explore small objects

Answer 23

8

Question 24

Turns pages of book

Increasing autonomy during book time

Answer 24

12

Question 25

Scribbles Visual–motor coordination

Answer 25

13

Question 26

Builds tower of 2 cubes Uses objects in combination

Answer 26

15

Question 27

Builds tower of 6 cubes Requires visual, gross, and fine motor coordination

Question 28

pincer grasp

Question 29

Follows one step command WITHOUT GESTURES

Answer 29

10 months

Question 30

Scribbles

Answer 30

13 months

Question 31

Runs

Answer 31

16 months

Question 32

Walks alone

Answer 32

12 months

Question 33

Rolls back to stomach

Answer 33

6.5

Question 34

Sits WITHOUT SUPPORT

Answer 34

6 months

Question 35

Asymmetric tonic neck reflex GONE

Answer 35

4 months

Question 36

Brings hand together in midline

Answer 36

3 months

Question 37

Pulls to sit, with no head lag

Answer 37

3 months

Question 38

Holds head steady while sitting

Answer 38

2 months

Question 39

Weight gain

Answer 39

-decrease 10% on 1st week -gain on 2nd week -30 g (1oz/day) 1st month -@ 4 months DOUBLED birth weight -@ 1 year TRIPLES birth weight

Question 40

Sit unsupported

Answer 40

6-7 months

Question 41

Pivot while sitting

Answer 41

9-10 months

Question 42

Thumb-finger grasp

Answer 42

8-9 months

Question 43

Pincer grasp

Answer 43

12 months

Question 44

- Lies in **FLEXED** attitude; turns head from SIDE TO SIDE; head SAGS on ventral suspension - Supine: Generally FLEXED and a little STIFF - May fixate face on light IN LINE OF VISION; “**DOLL’S-EYE”** movement of eyes on turning of the body - MORO RESPONSE ACTIVE; stepping and placing reflex; GRASP REFLEX active -Visual preference for HUMAN FACE

Answer 44

NEONATAL PERIOD (1ST 4 WEEKS)

Question 45

Prone: Legs **more** **extended**; **_holds chin up_**; turns head; **head** **lifted** **momentarily** to plane of body on ventral suspension Supine: **_Tonic neck posture predominates_**; supple and relaxed; head lags when pulled to sitting position Visual: Watches person; **follows moving object** Social: Body movements in cadence with voice of other in social contact; **beginning to smile**

Answer 45

1 month

Question 46

Pron**e: Raises head slightly farther**; head sustained in plane of body on ventral suspension Supine: **Tonic neck posture predominates**; **head lags when pulled to sitting position** Visual: **Follows moving object 180 degrees** Social: **Smiles on social contact**; listens to voice and coos

Answer 46

2 months

Question 47

Prone**: Lifts head and chest with arms extended;** head above plane of body on ventral suspension Supine: **Tonic neck posture predomin**ates; reaches toward and misses objects; **waves at toy** Sitting: **Head lag partially** compensated when pulled to **sitting position;** early head control with bobbing motion; back rounded Reflex: Typical Moro response has not persisted; makes defensive movements or selective withdrawal reactions Social: **Sustained social contact; listens to music; says “aah, ngah”**

Answer 47

3 months

Question 48

Sitting: **Sits up alone** and indefinitely **without support,** with back straight Standing: Pulls to standing position; “**cruises**” or walks **holding on to furniture** Motor: **Creeps or crawls** Adaptive: Grasps objects with thumb and forefinger; pokes at things with forefinger; picks up pellet with **assisted pincer movement;** **uncovers hidden toy;** attempts to retrieve dropped object; releases object grasped by other person Language**: Repetitive consonant sounds (“mama,” “dada”)** Socia**l: Responds to sound of name;** plays peek-a-boo or pat-a-cake; waves bye-bye

Answer 48

10 months

Question 49

Prone: Lifts head and chest, with head in approximately vertical axis; legs extended Supine: **Symmetric posture pred**ominates, hands in midline; reaches and grasps objects and **brings them to mouth** Sitting: **No head lag when pulled to sitting position;** head steady, tipped forward**; enjoys sitting with full truncal support** Standing: | **When held erect, pushes with feet** Adaptive**: Sees raisin**, but **makes no move to reach for it** Social: **Laughs out loud**; may show displeasure if social contact is broken; **excited at sight of food**

Answer 49

4 months

Question 50

Motor: **Walks with one hand held**; rises independently, takes several steps (Knobloch) Adaptive: Picks up raisin with unassisted p**incer movement of forefinger and thu**mb; releases object to other person on request or gesture Language: **Says a few words besides “mama,” “dada”** Social: Plays simple ball game; makes postural adjustment to dressing

Answer 50

1 year

Question 51

Prone: **Rolls over;** pivots; crawls or creep-crawls (Knobloch) Supine: Lifts hea**d; rolls over;** squirms Sitting**: Sits briefly, with support of pelvi**s; leans forward on hands; back rounded Standing: | May support most of weight; bounces actively Adaptive**: Reaches out for and grasps large object;** tr**ansfers objects from hand to han**d; grasp uses radial palm; rakes at raisin Language: Forms **polysyllabic vowel sounds** Social: Prefers mother; babble**s; enjoys mirror; responds to changes in emotional content of social cont**act

Answer 51

7 months