Chapter 10 pt 2 (9-3)

Question 1

Somatic sensory information from the body ascends to the primary somatosensory area via which two main somatic sensory pathways?

Answer 1

the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway

the anterolateral (spinothalamic) pathway

Question 2

somatic nervous system overview

Answer 2

controls: skeletal muscle, conscious, voluntary control.

the motor pathway is one neuron from CNS to effector

includes sensory neurons.

ALL release ACh

Question 3

what relays information from somatic sensory receptors to the primary somatosensory area in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 3

somatic sensory pathways

Question 4

what does the somatic sensory pathways consist of?

Answer 4

thousands of sets of three neurons.

Question 5

what are the three cell bodies of the three neurons that make up the somatic sensory pathways?

Answer 5

#1 dorsal root ganglion 
#2 spinal cord or brain stem (depending on where it crosses) 
#3 thalamus; axon extends to cerebral cortex (somatosensory area in post central gyrus)

Question 6

which pathway do nerve impulses for touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception ascend?

Answer 6

posterior column-medical lemniscus pathway.

Question 7

what are the two white matter tracts that give the name of the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway?

Answer 7

posterior column of the spinal cord and medial lemniscus of the brain stem.

Question 8

where in the spinal cord does the reception for touch, pressure, and vibration in the upper limbs, upper trunk, neck, and posterior head enter?

Answer 8

the cervical spinal cord.

Question 9

the anterolateral or spinothalamic PATHWAY begins as a white matter track of the spinal cord know as what?

Answer 9

spinothalamic tract

Question 10

What pathways that control movement converge on neurons known as lower motor neurons?

Answer 10

somatic motor pathways

Question 11

what are two major tracts that conduct nerve impulses from upper motor neurons in the cerebral cortex?

Answer 11

lateral corticospinal tract and anterior corticospinal tract.

Question 12

which side do axons of upper motor neurons from one cerebral hemisphere synapse with lower motor neurons?

Answer 12

with lower motor neurons on the opposite side of the body.

Question 13

the somatic motor pathways can have signals come from here and it helps with muscle tone:

Answer 13

basal ganglia

Question 14

signals for the somatic motor pathway can come from here and it controls coordination:

Answer 14

cerebellum

Question 15

signals from the upper motor neurons are received by the somatic motor pathways via these tracts?

Answer 15

corticospinal tracts

Question 16

With regards to the corticospinal tract, where do upper motor neurons originate from?

Answer 16

in the primary motor cortex (precentral gyrus)

Question 17

where do upper motor neurons synapse with lower motor neurons?

Answer 17

at the appropriate spinal level

Question 18

lower motor neurons exit the spinal cord via what?

Answer 18

ventral root to the muscle for movement.

Question 19

According to the Introduction to the Human Body book, which cranial nerve nuclei of origin are contained in the medulla oblongata?

Answer 19

VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII

Question 20

according to Intro to Human Body textbook, the nuclei of origin for these cranial nerves are in the pons:

Answer 20

V, VI, VII, and VIII.

Question 21

according to the Intro to the human body, the nuclei of origin for cranial nerves III and IV are located in this bard of the brain stem:

Answer 21

midbrain