Chapter 10: Philip II & Macedonian Supremacy Flashcards
A Greek philosopher and scientist, one of the most influential figures in Western philosophy. He was a student of Plato and the tutor of Alexander the Great. His works covered a wide range of subjects, including metaphysics, ethics, politics, and natural sciences.
Aristotle
A decisive battle fought in 338 BCE between the Macedonian army led by Philip II and a coalition of Greek city-states, including Athens and Thebes. Philip II’s victory established Macedonian dominance over Greece.
Battle of Chaeronea
The wife of King Philip II of Macedon and the mother of Alexander the Great. She was part of the royal Macedonian family and had a significant influence on her son’s upbringing.
Cleopatra
A prominent Athenian statesman and orator (384–322 BCE) famous for his opposition to Macedonian expansion under Philip II. He delivered the famous Philippics, speeches urging Athens to resist Macedonian influence.
Demosthenes
An Athenian statesman and financier (circa 400–320 BCE), known for his role in managing Athens’ finances and supporting the construction of naval fleets. He was an important political figure in Athens during the 4th century BCE.
Eubulus
The spread of Greek culture, language, and influence across non-Greek peoples, particularly following the conquests of Alexander the Great. It led to the blending of Greek culture with various other local cultures in areas like Egypt, Persia, and India.
Hellenization
An ancient group of tribes that lived in the western Balkans, particularly along the Adriatic Sea. They were known for their conflict with neighboring Greek and Roman cultures and their resistance to Roman conquest.
Illyrians
A prominent Athenian orator and educator, active in the 4th century BCE. He advocated for pan-Hellenic unity, and his speeches and writings influenced Greek politics, including supporting the idea of a united Greece under Macedonian leadership.
Isocrates
An ancient kingdom located in the northern part of Greece, best known for being the homeland of Alexander the Great and his father, Philip II. Macedon rose to prominence under Philip and achieved its greatest territorial extent under Alexander.
Macedon
The mother of Alexander the Great and wife of King Philip II. She was a powerful and influential figure, known for her strong-willed character and involvement in the political affairs of Macedon.
Olympias
A Greek traveler and geographer from the 2nd century CE, best known for his work Description of Greece, a detailed account of the temples, cities, and monuments of Greece. His work is an invaluable source for understanding ancient Greek culture and geography.
Pausanias
The King of Macedon (r. 359–336 BCE) and father of Alexander the Great. He is credited with unifying the Greek city-states under Macedonian rule, laying the foundation for Alexander’s empire.
Philip II
A region in central Greece, located near Delphi. It played a significant role in Greek history, particularly in conflicts involving the Delphic Oracle and its control over the surrounding area.
Phocis
Elite cavalrymen who served as the personal guard of the Macedonian kings, especially under Philip II and Alexander the Great. They were highly trusted and held prestigious positions in the army.
Royal companions
An ancient Greek historian and rhetorician, known for his works on the history of Greece and the life of Philip II. His writings, though mostly lost, are important for the study of early Greek history and politics.
Theopompus
