Chapter 10 - Network Naming Flashcards
Define NetBIOS/NetBEUI
-Broadcasts name & MAC for name resolution
- Every other system hears broadcast and stores it into the cache
- meant to be used to share folders & printers
TCP Port 137 & 139
UDP Port 137 & 138
What is NetBT
NetBIOS over TCP/IP
Define SMB
Server Message Block ran on top of NetBT to support sharing folders and files. Used NetBIOS names.
- Today no longer dependent on NetBIOS
Port 445
What is the ‘hosts file’
Contained a list of IUP addresses for every computer on the Internet, matched to the corresponding system names.
.\Windows\System32\Drivers\Etc (W7-10)
/etc (Linux)
What is the DNS Root server
A bunch of powerful computers dispersed around the world
“.”
What are the top-level domain servers
Handle TLD names such as .com .org…
One step below Root servers
What is the limit of characters in a dns name
255 characters Lowercase letters numbers hyphen (-) can be separated by .
Define Hierarchical Name Space
An imaginary tree structure of all possible names that could be used within a single system
Define Flat Name Space
one big undivided list containing all names with no grouping
ex. host file
Define FQDN
Fully Qualified Domain Name
root on the right side - domains left
Define zone
a container for a single domain that gets filled with records
Define Record
a line in the zone data that maps an FQDN to an IP address
Define Authoritative Name Server
A DNS server that has a single zone that lists all the host names on the domain and their IP addresses.
Make sure that all name servers are updated for changes
A powerful DNS server acts as this for many domains
What is the purpose of a name server
Acts as a subordinate to the Authoritative Name Server to handle massive incoming DNS inquiries
How does a root server hold massive amounts of IP addresses
They only know where to send the requests
What are the three ways a web browser resolves a name
Hosts File
DNS Server
Broadcasting
What does ipconfig /displaydns do
displays the cache of FQDNs stored on a computer
Define Cached lookups
FQDNs that have already been resolved
Define Cache-Only Server
never authoritative for a domain, only used to talk to other DNS servers
What is stored in a forward lookup zone
IP addresses & FQDNs
At least one Name server & one SOA
Define SOA
Start of authority is required by every forward lookup zone.
Defines the single DNS server in charge
Define ‘A Records’
IPv4 addresses and anmes of all systems on domain
Define ‘CNAME’
canonical name acts like an alias
Define ‘MX Records’
used exclusively by SMTP servers to determine where to send mail
MX = Mail exchanger
