Chapter 10: Lowering risk of disease (2)

Question 1

________ remains the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women.

The second-leading cause of death from cancer for men is _____ cancer and for women is ______ cancer

Answer 1

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death for both men and women

The second-leading cause of death from cancer for men is colorectal cancer and for women is breast cancer

Question 2

What are the 2 types of lung cancer?

Answer 2

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): most common type, grows slowly

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): grows quickly and can spread to other parts of the body

Question 3

What are the treatment methods for breast cancer?

Answer 3

Can be treated with surgery, radiation, and/or drugs (chemotherapy and hormonal therapy)

• Lumpectomy: removes only the cancerous tissue and a surrounding margin of normal tissue
• Mastectomy: removal of the entire breast and some of the underarm lymph nodes
• Radiation therapy is treatment with high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer
• Chemotherapy is used to reach cancer cells that have spread beyond the breast

Question 4

What are the cancer risk factors you can and cannot control?

Answer 4

Possible carcinogens (cancer-causing chemicals)
Early detection
Cancer-smart nutrition (high in antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables)
Tobacco smoke
Physical activity

Age and heredity you cannot control

Question 5

What is diabetes mellitus?

Answer 5

• Disorder of the endocrine system
• Increases the likelihood of hypertension and atherosclerosis
• Increases the risk of heart attack and stroke
• More than 80% of people with diabetes die from some form of heart or blood vessel disease

Question 6

what are the types of diabetes?

Answer 6

Type 1 diabetes: pancreas does not produce insulin

Type 2 diabetes: pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin to meet the body’s needs, or does not properly use the insulin it does make

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GMD): temporary condition that occurs during pregnancy

Question 7

What is the treatment for diabetes?

Answer 7

• No cure
• The best option is to keep blood sugar levels as stable as possible to prevent complications

Type 1: requires daily doses of insulin
Type 2: can be controlled through a well-balanced diet, exercise, and weight management

Insulin therapy may be needed to keep blood glucose levels near normal