Chapter 10-Energy Flashcards
Potiential (stored) energy
energy that has the potential to do work and so the energy is ‘stored’, such as gravitational energy, elastic energy and chemical energy
Gravitational Energy
energy stored due to the height of an object above a base level
Elastic Energy
the potential energy stored in a stretched elastic material
Chemical Energy
potential energy derived from chemical reactions
Electrical Energy
the energy made available by the flow of electric charge through a conductor
Kinetic Energy
energy due to the motion of an object
Heat (thermal) Energy
Thermal energy is due to the motion of particles, with motion being the key. Thermal energy results in an object or a system having a temperature that can be measured. Thermal energy can be transferred from one object or system to another in the form of heat
Light Energy
Light energy is the only form of energy that we can actually see directly. It is formed through chemical, radiation, and mechanical means. Light energy can also be converted into other forms of energy. Light travels at a speed of about 300,000 km/s
Sound Energy
Sound is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal (compression/rarefaction) waves. Sound is produced when a force causes an object or substance to vibrate — the energy is transferred through the substance in a wave
Law of Conversation of Energy
a law that states that energy cannot be made or lost. However, energy can be transformed from one type to another or transferred from one object to another.
Efficiency (energy)
the fraction of energy supplied to a device as useful energy. It is usually expressed as a percentage.
Thermal Energy Transfer
Thermal energy is due to the motion of particles, with motion being the key. Thermal energy can be transferred from one object or system to another in the form of heat
Conduction
transfer of heat through collisions between particles
Convection
transfer of heat through the flow of particles
Radiation
a method of heat transfer that does not require particles to transfer heat from one place to another
Reflected
bounced off
Transmitted
passed through something, such as light or sound passing through air
Absorbed
taken in
Conductor
a conductor is an object or type of material that allows the flow of an electrical current in one or more directions
Insulator
a material that is a poor conductor of heat
Luminous
releasing its own light
Incandescent
describes objects that emit light when they are hot
Bioluminescent
describes living things that release light energy
Non-luminous
describes objects that do not emit their own light, but can be seen by reflected light
Vibrations
repeated fast, back-and-forth movements
Compression
A compression is a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are closest together
Rarefaction
A rarefaction is a region in a longitudinal wave where the particles are furthest apart
Frequency/Pitch
number of vibrations in one second, or the number of wavelengths passing in one second. The pitch that you hear depends on the frequency of the vibrating air. It is the highness and lowness of sounds
