Chapter 10: Correctional Responses in the Community

Question 1

Correctional Responses in the Community

Answer 1

Sanctions for criminal acts that are less severe than full-time incarceration but more severe then probation.

Question 2

Problem solving court

Answer 2

A specialized court designed to better meet the needs of a particular group of offenders

Question 3

Recidivism

Answer 3

A measure that identifies relapse into criminal offending behavior.

Question 4

Intermediate responses and sanctions

Answer 4

A type of correctional response in the community that includes probation plus additional community sanctions, which are generally administered by probation departments.

Question 5

Electronic monitoring

Answer 5

An intermediate sanction in which the probationer wears and ankle, wrist or neck monitor that identifies his or her location

Question 6

Intensive supervised probation

Answer 6

A type of probation in which offenders undergo extreme supervision and monitoring

Question 7

House arrest

Answer 7

A type of intermediate sanction that restricts offenders from leaving their homes

Question 8

Split sentence or shock probation

Answer 8

A for of intermediate sanction in which the offender initially spends time in jail or prison and then is released into corrections in the community

Question 9

Boot Camps

Answer 9

A type of intermediate sanction in which offenders are mandated to a military setting, where they are required to follow orders, march, run drills, and engage in physical training.

Question 10

Residential community housing

Answer 10

A facility where offenders are secured at night but are released during the day to work, attend school, or receive treatment

Question 11

Work-release program

Answer 11

An intermediate sanction that requires offenders to live in a secure facility but allows their release for work

Question 12

General conditions

Answer 12

Conditions or corrections in the community that are standard across convicted offenders

Question 13

Special conditions

Answer 13

Conditions of one’s community corrections that are specific to a particular offender

Question 14

Probation fees

Answer 14

Fees paid by the offender to cover costs of services such as the preparation of the presentence report, work-release programs, electronic monitoring, and drug, alcohol and anger management counseling

Question 15

Technical violation

Answer 15

The failure to abide by certain conditions of community corrections that do not involve committing a new crime

Question 16

Legal violation

Answer 16

The commission of a crime while serving corrections in the community

Question 17

Net widening

Answer 17

The increasing harshness of sentencing given to offenders who would have traditionally been sentenced to probation

Question 18

GPS Monitoring

Answer 18

Used primarily to track high-risk offenders, especially sex offenders and it comes it two forms: passive and active

Question 19

Radio frequency identification devices (RFID)

Answer 19

A type of community corrections used to monitor those serving home confinement sentences via ankle or wrist bracelets.

Question 20

Automated kiosk reporting

Answer 20

A type of community corrections in which a probationer provides information to a freestanding machine often using eye-scanning technology

Question 21

Remote alcohol detection (RAD)

Answer 21

A type of community corrections: a bracelet that, when applied to the probationer’s skin, can detect ethanol excreted in perspiration

Question 22

Eye scan

Answer 22

Biometric technology increasingly being used in community corrections to determine if a probationer has used drugs or alcohol or is fatigued

Question 23

Arm of the court

Answer 23

A phrase used to describe a probation officer who acts as the courts fact finder

Question 24

Probation investigation

Answer 24

The process of gathering info on offenders lives ad ties it to the community both positive and negative

Question 25

Risk assessment

Answer 25

A determination of offenders propensity to harm themselves or others

Question 26

Classification

Answer 26

Determines the level of supervision appropriate for each offender based on probation investigation and risk assessment

Question 27

Supervision

Answer 27

The duty of the officers to watch over offenders on their caseloads

Question 28

Presentence report

Answer 28

An important aggregation of facts about the offender usually prepared by the probation officer

Question 29

Static risk predictors

Answer 29

Characteristics of offenders that cannot be changed such as the age at first arrest, the number of prior arrests and the number of times the person has been incarcerated in the past

Question 30

Dynamic risk predictors

Answer 30

Characteristics of offenders amenable to change, such as employment status, educational level and peer groups.