Chapter 10 - Classification of Microorganisms

Question 1

Classification is accomplished through ___________

Answer 1

taxonomy

Question 2

_____________ is the science of classification

Answer 2

taxonomy

Question 3

____________ is a class, group, or category of something that gets organized in some ranked order

Answer 3

taxon/taxa

Question 4

____________ is a scientist who studies classification.

Answer 4

taxonomist

Question 5

____________ shows the evolutionary relationship between organisms in a group, which is usually shown by evolutionary trees to see similarities and differences.

Answer 5

phylogeny

Question 6

____________ is a two part naming system for living organisms that consists of a Genus name followed by a species name.

Answer 6

binomial nomenclature

Question 7

____________ is the highest taxon for classification purposes.

Answer 7

Domain

Question 8

All cells came from a common ancestor cell called, ____________

Answer 8

Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)

Question 9

____________ contains no peptidoglycan in the cell walls and contains microbes that live in extreme habitats.

Answer 9

Domain Archaea

Question 10

____________ contain cell walls with peptidoglycan and contains microbes that live in normal habitats.

Answer 10

Domain Bacteria

Question 11

MATCH TO KINGDOM: E. coli

Answer 11

Kingdom Monera

Question 12

MATCH TO KINGDOM: Amoeba

Answer 12

Kingdom Protista

Question 13

MATCH TO KINGDOM: Yeast and Mold

Answer 13

Kingdom Fungi

Question 14

____________ are a group of organisms that differ from each other but yet are closely related to each other genetically

Answer 14

Eukaryotic species

Question 15

____________ are a population of bacterial cells with similar characteristics, but are not identical.

Answer 15

Prokaryotic species

Question 16

____________ are population of bacterial cells derived from a single parent cell; are genetically identical

Answer 16

clones

Question 17

____________ members of a clone (species) that are not genetically identical anymore because clones genetically diverged over time through genetic mutations.

Answer 17

Subspecies/strains/serovar

Question 18

____________ (method) looks at shape, size, and arrangement of bacteria.

Answer 18

Morphological characteristics

Question 19

____________ (method) uses gram staining of bacterial cell wall to observe the chemical composition of the cell wall (amount of peptidoglycan)

Answer 19

Differential staining

Question 20

____________ (method) uses pair questions with yes or no answers to determine metabolic characteristics of bacteria

Answer 20

Biochemical Tests

Question 21

____________ (method) helps differentiate amount strains within a species by analyzing DNA sequence of the microbe.

Answer 21

Serology

Question 22

____________ (method) makes many copies of a specific DNA segment from a single copy of DNA sequence.

Answer 22

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Question 23

____________ (method) provides systematic schemes for identifying unknown bacteria.

Answer 23

Bergeys Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (textbook/manual)