Chapter 1 - The Microbial World Flashcards
________ was the first scientist to observe live microorganisms through magnifying lenses and made detailed drawings of the microorganisms.
van Leeuwenhoek
_________ is known as the father of “microbiology.”
van Leeuwenhoek
_______ made major contributions to vaccination/immunization and eliminated Smallpox by observing that milkmaids infected with the Cowpox Virus were protected from Smallpox.
Jenner
_______ is known as the father of “vaccines”
Jenner
_________ took material from a Cowpox lesion and injected it into a human host.
Jenner
This is the idea that non-living things can give rise to living things.
Spontaneous Generation
________ disproved “Spontaneous Generation” and established the “Theory of Biogenesis” which was later supported by Robert Koch’s “Germ Theory of Disease”
Pasteur
This is the idea that living cells arise only from pre-existing living cells.
Theory of Biogenesis
This is the idea that specific pathogenic microbes cause specific diseases with specific signs and symptoms.
Germ Theory
_______ began using chemical solutions (antiseptics) to treat surgical wounds and kill microbes. Their practice helped reduce the number of surgical infections and deaths
Lister
_______ applied the “Germ Theory of Disease” to medical procedures
Lister
______ established the “Germ Theory”. They also discovered bacteria (Bacillus anthracis) in cattle & sheep as a cause of Anthrax. They also established a series of experiments relating specific microbes to specific diseases.
Koch
_______ developed the concept of chemotherapy by discovering the first chemical substance against Syphilis. They also coined the term, magic bullet, to describe a chemical substance that could selectively target and destroy a pathogen without harming the infected host.
Ehrlich
________ observed how contaminated culture plates with mold colonies inhibited the growth of surrounding bacteria. They discovered the first antibiotic called Penicillin.
Fleming
_______ proved that most peptic ulcers were caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. They drank H. pylori, developed ulcers, and treated them with antibiotics. Their studies lead to understanding the causative link between H. pylori and gastric (stomach) cancer.
Marshall
