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COMD 3400 > Chapter 10: (Central auditory nervous system) > Flashcards

Chapter 10: (Central auditory nervous system) Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior

A

Toward the front

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2
Q

Posterior

A

Towards the back

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3
Q

Inferior

A

Toward the bottom

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4
Q

Superior

A

Toward the top

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5
Q

Medial

A

Toward the middle

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Toward the side

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7
Q

Ventral

A

Anterior (below the midbrain)

Interior (above the midbrain)

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8
Q

Dorsal

A

Posterior (below the midbrain)

Superior (above the Midbrain)

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9
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body and left/right

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10
Q

Frontal/coronal plane

A

Divide to the body front and back

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11
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into top and bottom

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12
Q

Horizontal plane

A

Parallel with horizon

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13
Q 
12 cranial nerves
   (Look in class 3100 for functions)
A

Information to (Sensory) And from (motor) the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) is carried by 12 pairs of cranial nerves.

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14
Q

Cranial nerve I

A

Olfactory-smell

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15
Q

Cranial nerve II

A

Optic-vision

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16
Q

Cranial nerve III

A

Oculomotor– Eye movement

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17
Q

Cranial nerve IV

A

Trochlear-eye movement

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18
Q

Cranial nerve V

A

Trigeminal-Tympanic membrane sensation property in motor of tensor tympani.

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19
Q

Cranial nerve VI

A

Abducens-eye movement

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20
Q

Cranial nerve VII

A

Facial Dash this movement, stapedial reflex

21
Q

Cranial nerve VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear-hearing and balance

22
Q

Cranial nerve IX

A

Glossopharyngeal-pharynx

23
Q

Cranial nerve X

A

Vagus-Heart and lungs

24
Q

Cranial nerve XI

A

Accessory – spinal

25
Q

Cranial nerve XII

A

Hypoglossal -tongue movement

26
Q

Central auditory nervous system

CANS

A

A sound producing network of afferent (Going to the brain) and efferent(Leaving the brain) auditory fiber tracks and nuclei

27
Q

Anatomy of the central nervous system

CNS

A

Forebrain

Midbrain

Hindbrain

28
Q

Forebrain

A

Consists of the Telencephalon and Dienephalon

29
Q

Telencephalon

A

Part of the forebrain

Responsible for conscious thought and motor movement

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital lobes
Also divided into cerebral hemispheres (left/right)
The cerebral cortex is the pleated surface

30
Q

Diencephalon

A

Part of the forebrain located between the two cerebral hemispheres it includes:

Thalamus

Hypothalamus

Epithalamus

Subthalamus

31
Q

Thalamus

A

Part of the diencephalon of the forebrain.

Contains medial geniculate body. Fibers project from medial geniculate body into Herschel’s gyrus via the INTERNAL CAPSULE.

32
Q

Precentral gyrus

(Primary motor cortex)

A

Frontal lobe gyrus located immediately anterior to the central sulcus; responsible for coding of voluntary muscle movement.

33
Q

Postcentral gyrus

Or primary somatory cortex

A

Parietal lobe gyrus located immediately posterior to the central sulcus; responsible for perception of sensation.

34
Q

Superior temporal gyrus (Wernick’s area)

A

The most superior of the three lateral temporal gyrus like on the posterior 2/3 of the superior temporal gyrus, plus portions of the planum temporal, Make up Wernick’s area.

35
Q

Broca’s area

(Area triangularis)

A

The cortical tissue located in the inferior frontal gyrus of the language dominant hemisphere (usually left) that is responsible for planning the motor activities for Speech; lesions to this area resulting in inability to express oneself by Speech, also known as Broca’s (or expressive) aphasia.

36
Q

Herschl’s gyrus

Transverse temporal gyrus

A

Primary auditory cortex

Tonotopicaly organized

The primary auditory cortex; receives projections from the medial geniculate body.

37
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

Primary decoding area for speech.
The specialized area located in the temporal lobe of the language dominant hemisphere (usually left); composed of the posterior 2/3 of the superior temporal gyrus and some of the surrounding tissues including part of the planum temporale; Concerned with Speech comprehension; lesions in this area result in an inability to comprehend spoken language, also known as Wernicke’s aphasia or receptive aphasia

38
Q

Midbrain

A

The superior portion of the brain stem.

39
Q

Brainstem

A

The lowest part of the brain that is structurally continuous with the spinal cord; contains the ponds medulla (which is part of the hindbrain), and the midbrain.

40
Q

Inferior colliculus

Inferior coliculi

A

Part of the central auditory nervous system located on the dorsal aspect of the midbrain.

The inferior collicui are auditory nuclei

  • Receive fibers from the lateral lemniscus
  • send information to the thalamus via the brochium of the inferior colliculus.
41
Q

Hindbrain

A

Includes;

Medulla oblongata (Medulla)
Pons
Cerebellum

42
Q

Cerebellum

A

Located behind the ponds and medulla
Connected to the medulla, pons, and midbrain by fiber tracts

Balance central processor

Divided into hemispheres at the vermis.

43
Q

Pons and Medulla

A

Contain many important structures in the central auditory nervous system.

vestibulocochlear nerve enters pontomebullary junction near cerebellopontine angle.

44
Q

Pontomedullary junction

A

The junction between the pons and the medulla were the Vestibulocochlear nerve enters the brain stem.

45
Q

Cerebellopontine angle

A

The angle created by the cerebellum and the Pons

46
Q

Cochlear nucleus

A

The most Caudal auditory nucleus and the projection point for all auditory nerve fibers; located at the border of the medulla and the pons.

47
Q

Lateral lemniscus

A

The largest fiber tract in the auditory brainstem containing fibers projections from the cochlear nucleus and superior olivary complex, which then project to the inferior colliculus in the midbrain.

48
Q

Medial Geniculate Body (nucleus)

MGB

A

Nucleus in the thalamus that receives ascending auditory fiber projections from the inferior colliculus and from which fibers project to various parts of the cortex and cerebrum, most importantly to Heschl’s gyrus(The primary auditory cortex).

COMD 3400 (13 decks)

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