Chapter 10 Cells

Question 0

The process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells

Answer 0

Cell division

Question 1

A process occurring during S phase of the cell cycle when DNA is duplicated in preparation did cell division

Answer 1

DNA replication

Question 2

The part if eukaryotic cell division where the cultus divides

Answer 2

Mitosis

Question 3

The events during the life of a cell; mitosis, interphase and cytokinins

Answer 3

Cell cycle

Question 4

The division of cytoplasm of one cell into two cells

Answer 4

Cytokinesis

Question 5

One of two identical “sister” strands of a duplicated chromosome; joined by one centromere

Answer 5

Chromatid

Question 6

The are where the two sister chromatids attach to each other and where spindle fibers attach to during mitosis or meiosis

Answer 6

Centromere

Question 7

Phase in the cell cycle where the cell grows, replicates it’s DNA, and prepares to divide

Answer 7

Interphase

Question 8

A single, tightly coiled strand of DNA. Visible with light microscope

Answer 8

Chromosome

Question 9

The genetic material of most organisms

Answer 9

DNA

Question 10

Shape of DNA molecule consisting of repeating pairs, sugar and phosphate held together by weak hydrogen bonds

Answer 10

Double Helix

Question 11

Pair of complementary nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule

Answer 11

Base Pairs

Question 12

The genetic code of organisms based on sequence of the four nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine, and uracil found in RNA

Answer 12

Nitrogen Bases

Question 13

(Synthesis phase) Part if the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated,occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase

Answer 13

S phase

Question 14

First period of activity in the cell cycle in which cells do most of their growing, and proteins and organelles are also produced

Answer 14

G1 Phase

Question 15

(Gap 2, prep for mitosis) following the S phase, it’s the shortest phase of the 3, when organelles and molecules are produced during the cell cycle and the cell prepares for division

Answer 15

G2 Phase

Question 16

The first phase of mitosis when duplicated chromosomes shorten and thicken (condense), the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers form. In animal cells centrioles move to opposite sides of the dividing cell

Answer 16

prophase

Question 17

DNA tightly wound around his tone proteins

Answer 17

Chromatin

Question 18

Uncontrolled cell division

Answer 18

Cancer

Question 19

Proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

Answer 19

Cyclin

Question 20

A cell (gamete) with only a single set of chromosomes, represented by the “n”

Answer 20

Haploid

Question 21

A cell with two homologous copies of each chromosome, usually one from the mother and one from the father, represented by the “2n”

Answer 21

Diploid

Question 22

A barrel-shaped cell structure involved in cell division and found in most animal eukaryotic cells, though it is absent in higher plants and most fungi

Answer 22

Centriole

Question 23

Cytoskeleton structure formed from the centrioles that separate the chromosomes into the daughter cells during cell division

Answer 23

Spindle fibers

Question 24

Final phase of mitosis when the nuclear envelope reappears, chromosomes uncoil and the cell is pinching inward

Answer 24

Telophase

Question 25

Third phase of mitosis when the sister chromatids begin to separate at the centromere and move towards opposite poles

Answer 25

Anaphase

Question 26

Second phase of the mitosis when paired chromatids are lines up on the equator if the cell and the centromeres attach to the spindle fibers

Answer 26

Metaphase

Question 27

A single, tightly coiled strand of DNA. Visible with light microscope

Answer 27

Chromosome

Question 28

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

Answer 28

Gene

Question 29

Shape of DNA molecule consisting of repeating pairs, sugar and phosphate held together by weak hydrogen bonds

Answer 29

Double Helix

Question 30

Pair of complementary nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule

Answer 30

Base Pairs

Question 31

The genetic code of organisms based on sequence of the four nitrogen bases adenine, guanine, thymine, and cytosine, and uracil found in RNA

Answer 31

Nitrogen Bases

Question 32

Second Part Of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated,

Answer 32

S phase

Question 33

(Gap 1-growth) period of activity in the cell cycle in which cells do most of their growing, and proteins and organelles are also produced

Answer 33

G1 Phase

Question 34

(Gap 2, prep for mitosis) following the S phase, it's the shortest phase of the 3, when organelles and molecules are produced during the cell cycle and the cell prepares for division

Answer 34

G2 Phase

Question 35

The first phase of mitosis when duplicated chromosomes shorten and thicken (condense), the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers form. In animal cells centrioles move to opposite sides of the dividing cell

Answer 35

prophase

Question 36

Time period in the cell cycle where the cell grows, replicates, it's DNA and prepares to divide

Answer 36

Interphase

Question 37

Uncontrolled cell division

Answer 37

Cancer

Question 38

Proteins that regulate the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells

Answer 38

Cyclin

Question 39

Group of nucleotides (a and g) that have a nitrogenous base containing two fused carbon rings

Answer 39

Purine

Question 40

Monomer of nucleic acids; composed of a 5-carbon sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group

Answer 40

Nucleotides

Question 41

The principle enzyme involved in DNA replication; joins free nucleotides to the template strands of DNA

Answer 41

DNA polymerase

Question 42

Cytoskeleton structure formed from the centrioles that separate the chromosomes into the daughter cells during cell division

Answer 42

Spindle fibers

Question 43

Proteins that help organize DNA

Answer 43

Histone

Question 44

Group of nucleotides (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) that have a nitrogenous base containing one ring of carbon

Answer 44

Pyrimidine

Question 45

Identical chromosome set with the same genes- one from mom and one from dad

Answer 45

Homologous chromosomes

Question 46

Sunday

Answer 46

Helio

Question 47

Half

Answer 47

Hemi

Question 48

Other, different

Answer 48

Hetero

Question 49

Like similar

Answer 49

Homo

Question 50

Hydr

Answer 50

Water