Cells Flashcards
The membrane surrounding the nucleus
Nuclear envelope
Cell with nucleus
Eukaryote
DNA bound to proteins
Chromatin
A single, tightly coiled strand of DNA
Chromosome
A structure made of proteins and ribosomal DNA found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells that produce proteins
Ribosome
A network of membranes involved in protein synthesis and transportation
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
A complex of stacked membranes involved in the cell that modifies, sorts, packages proteins for secretion and intercellular transport
Golgi apparatus
An organelle containing enzymes that digest and recycle waste
Lysosome
Stores materials such as water, salt, proteins, and carbs
Vacuole
Converts food into energy
Mitochondria
Organelle that captures the energy from sunlight and converts into chemical energy
chloroplasts
Pairs of protein filaments that gives cells their shape and structure
Cytoskeleton
The semipermeable membrane that encloses the cytoplasm of a cell
Cell membrane
A support structure outside the membrane of a cell
Cell wall
A thin membrane made of two layers of phosphorous molecules
Phospholipid bilayer
The passive movement of particles from an area of high to low concentration
Diffusion
Diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane
Osmosis
A condition in which a concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution
Equilibrium
An energy requiring process that moves molecules across a cell membrane
Active transport
A process that moves molecules across a cell membrane that does not require energy
Passive transport
An energy requiring process that expels substances from the cell
Exocytosis
An energy requiring process that brings substances into a cell
Endocytosis
A type of endocytosis involving the ingestion of liquid material
Pinocytosis
A type of endocytosis that involves the ingestion of solid material
Phagocytosis
