Ch 12

Question 0

The ability of a living bacterium to incorporate the DNA of another bacterium into it’s genome

Answer 0

Transformation

Question 1

The principle enzyme involved in DNA replication

Answer 1

DNA polymerase

Question 2

Sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait

Answer 2

Gene

Question 3

Ribonucleic acid- single stranded nucleic acid used in protein synthesis

Answer 3

RNA

Question 4

Used to take a copy of a gene to the ribosome to code for a specific sequence of amino acids

Answer 4

Messenger RNA

Question 5

Combines with proteins to make ribosomes

Answer 5

Ribosomal RNA

Question 6

Used to bring specific amino acids to the ribosomes so that they can be joined together in the production of proteins

Answer 6

Transfer RNA

Question 7

The process of smoking an mRNA copy of A specific gene using the original code found on the DNA

Answer 7

Transcription

Question 8

An enzyme used in the production of mRNA during transcription

Answer 8

RNA polymerase

Question 9

The portion of the mRNA that is removed before the mRNA is exported from the nucleus

Answer 9

Intron

Question 10

The coding portion of the mRNA that is exported from the nucleus

Answer 10

Exon

Question 11

The consecutive nucleotides that specify a particular amino acid in the protein

Answer 11

Codon

Question 12

The cell uses the code contained in mRNA to produce a string of amino acids

Answer 12

Translation

Question 13

Group of three cases on a tRNA molecule that are complementary to an mRNA codon

Answer 13

Anticodon

Question 14

Mutations that involve a change in one or a few nucleotides

Answer 14

Gene mutations

Question 15

Mutations that occur at one point in the DNA sequence

Answer 15

Point mutations

Question 16

One nucleotide is accidentally substituted for another during DNA replication or transcription

Answer 16

Substitution

Question 17

And additional nucleotide is included during DNA replication or transcription

Answer 17

Insertion

Question 18

A nucleotide is left out during DNA replication or transcription

Answer 18

Deletion

Question 19

As a result of an addition or deletion mutation the codon sequence is shifted so that the subsequent codons are changed which may affect the sequence of amino acids

Answer 19

Frameshift mutations

Question 20

Changes in the number or structure of chromosomes; includes deletions duplications inversions and translocations

Answer 20

Chromosomal mutations

Question 21

A portion of a chromosome is removed, eliminating many genes

Answer 21

Deletion (chromosomal)

Question 22

A portion of the chromosome is duplicated, creating multiple copies of the same genes

Answer 22

Inversion

Question 23

Part of one chromosome is attached to another chromosome

Answer 23

Translocation

Question 24

A picture of a chromosome arranged so that homologous chromosomes are paired

Answer 24

Karyotype

Question 25

The chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual

Answer 25

Sex chromosomes

Question 26

All other chromosomes that are not sec chromosomes

Answer 26

Autosomes

Question 27

Chart that shows the relationships in the family: used in tracking genetic disorders through families

Answer 27

Pedigree

Question 28

Genes located on the X or Y chromosomes

Answer 28

Sex-linked genes

Question 29

When Homologous chromosomes failed to separate during meiosis, resulting in abnormal numbers of chromosomes in gametes

Answer 29

Nondisjunction

Question 30

All of an individual's genes

Answer 30

Genome

Question 31

The effort to sequence and analyze the entire human genome

Answer 31

Human genome project

Question 32

Measure

Answer 32

Meter

Question 33

Small

Answer 33

Micra

Question 34

Thread

Answer 34

Mito

Question 35

One, single

Answer 35

Mono

Question 36

Myco

Answer 36

Fungus

Question 37

Myo

Answer 37

Muscle

Question 38

Dead

Answer 38

Necro

Question 39

Night

Answer 39

Noct

Question 40

All

Answer 40

Omni

Question 41

Mass

Answer 41

Onco

Question 42

Pushing

Answer 42

Osmo