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EMT Flashcarss > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Respiration

A

The process of gas exchange that occurs between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries

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2
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Simply ventilation or breathing is the mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs

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3
Q

External respiration

A

Is the gas exchange process that occurs between the alveoli and the surrounding pulmonary Capillaries

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4
Q

Internal respiration

A

Is the gas exchange process that occurs between the cells and the systemic capillaries

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5
Q

Cellular respiration and metabolism

A

The process breaks down glucose in the presence of oxygen

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6
Q

Mucous membrane

A

Moistened and filtered as it flows over the damp sticky lining the nose

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7
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat at

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8
Q

Epiglottis

A

Small leaf shaped flap of cartilaginous tissue

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9
Q

larynx

A

Voice box or vocal cords

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10
Q

Thyroid cartilage

A

Adam’s apple

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11
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Most inferior portion of the Larynx

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12
Q

Lower airway

A

Extends from the Cricoid cartilage at the lower end of the larynx
To the alveoli of the lungs

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13
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

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14
Q

Carina

A

Where the trachea splits into right and left mainstem bronchi

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15
Q

Bronchi

A

Two major branches of the trachea

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16
Q

Bronchioles

A

Composed of smooth Bosco and lined with mucous membranes

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17
Q

Pleura

A

Two layers of protective tissue

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18
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Innermost covering of the lung

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19
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Inner porting of chest wall

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20
Q

Pleural space

A

Small space at negative pressure

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21
Q

Serous fluid

A

Ask as a lubricant to reduce friction when the layers of plural rub against each other during breathing

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22
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscle that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

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23
Q

Ventilation

A

The passage of air into and out of the lungs

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24
Q

Inspiration

A

The process of breathing air in and exhaling is the process of breathing air out

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25
Q

Intercostal muscles

A

Muscles between the ribs that contract

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26
Q

Chemo receptors

A

Continuously monitor levels of oxygen carbon dioxide and pH in the arterial blood

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27
Q

Respiratory rate

A

Breathing rate

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28
Q

Oxygenation

A

The process by which the blood in the cells become saturated with oxygen

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29
Q

Hypoxemia

A

As a low oxygen content in the arterial blood

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30
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequacy of the amount of oxygen being delivered to the cells

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31
Q

Cyanosis

A

A bluish gray color is a late sign of hypoxia and may be found in and around several areas of the body including the lips mouth nose

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32
Q

Positive pressure ventilation

A

The process of forcing air into a patient’s lungs

33
Q

Deoxygenated

A

Has a low oxygen concentration but high carbon dioxide

34
Q

Oxygenated

A

Hi oxygen count and low carbon dioxide

35
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Found in the cytoplasm of red blood cells

36
Q

Snoring

A

Occurs when the upper airway is partially obscured by the tongue

37
Q

Crowing

A

Is a sound like a crow crowing that occurs when the muscles around the larynx spasm and narrow the opening into the trachea

38
Q

Gargling

A

Sound sound like gargling usually indicates the presence of blood, secretions or other liquid in the airway

39
Q

Stridor

A

As a harsh high-pitched sound heard during inspiration

40
Q

Head tilt chin lift maneuver

A

Should be used for opening the airway in a patient who has no suspected spinal injury

41
Q

Jaw thrust maneuver

A

Is used to open the airway in such a patient because the head and neck are not tilted back during this maneuver

42
Q

Rigid catheter

A

This type of catheter is a rigid plastic tube

43
Q

Soft catheter

A

The soft suction catheter consist of flexible tubing it is used in suctioning the nose and nasopharynx

44
Q

Residual volume

A

As the air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation

45
Q

Oral airway

A

Semi circular device of hard plastic or rubber that holds the tongue away from the back of the airway

46
Q

Nasal airway or NPA

A

Is a curved hollow tube of soft plastic or rubber with a flange or flare at the top in and a bevel at the distal end

47
Q

Tidal volume

A

Is the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs and one respiration

48
Q

Minute volume

A

Is the amount of air moved in and out of the lungs in one minute

49
Q

Retractions

A

Pulling inward of the intercoastal muscles of the chest as well as excessive use of the neck muscles during inspiration

50
Q

Bilaterally

A

On both sides

51
Q

Respiratory distress

A

A condition in which the patient is working harder to breathe

52
Q

Respiratory failure

A

Occurs when the respiratory rate and or tidal volume is insufficient

53
Q

Tachypnea

A

Is an excess sively rapid breathing rate may indicate in adequate oxygenation and breathing

54
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow breathing right and ominous sign of an adequate breathing in oxygenation and infants and children

55
Q

Air movement

A

A normal spontaneous ventilation the negative pressure created by increasing the size of the thorax draws air into the lungs

56
Q

Airway wall pressure

A

It’s not affected during normal ventilation

57
Q

Esophageal opening pressure

A

The esophagus is a soft flexible structure during normal ventilation esophagus remains collapsed and no air moves into it

58
Q

Cardiac output

A

Normal spontaneous ventilation does not adversely affect the cardiac output or blood pressure

59
Q

Cricoid pressure

A

Was once start to reduce complications associated with positive pressure if an elation when the unresponsive patient’s airway is not protected by an advanced airway device

60
Q

BURP

A

Was developed primarily to be used in pediatric intubation because of the difference of the pediatric anatomy compared to the adult

61
Q

ELM

A

Applies pressure to the thyroid cartilage

62
Q

BVM

A

Is a manual device used to provide positive pressure ventilation

63
Q

PROPVD

A

Also known as a manually triggered ventilation device. This device is powered by oxygen and with a proper mask seal it delivers 100% oxygen to the patient

64
Q

BiPAP

A

Allows you to set different Airway pressures for inspiration and expiration

65
Q

Stoma

A

Is a surgical opening in the front of the neck through which the patient breathe the air into the trachea

66
Q

Tracheostomy

A

A stoma is created by cutting through the skin and into the trachea to relieve an obstruction higher in the trachea or to serve in place of an endotracheal tube

67
Q

Tracheostomy tube

A

A curved hollow tube made of rubber plastic or metal is inserted into the stoma to help hold it open

68
Q

Laryngectomy

A

Typically because of cancer all or part of the patients larynx has been removed

69
Q

Pressure regulator

A

Reduces the high pressure in a cylinder to a safe range from 30 to 70 psi and controls the flow of oxygen from 1 to 15 LPM

70
Q

Therapy regulator

A

Can administer oxygen from 0.5 LPM up to 25 LPM

71
Q

High pressure regulator

A

Can provide 50 psi to power of flow restricted oxygen powered ventilation device

72
Q

Oxygen humidifier

A

Adds moisture to oxygen

73
Q

Non-breather mask

A

This device has an oxygen reservoir bag attached to the mask with a one-way valve between them that prevents the patient’s exhaled air from mixing

74
Q

Nasal cannula

A

Provides a limited oxygen concentration ranging from approximately 24 to 44%

75
Q

Simple face mask

A

Has no reservoir and can deliver up to 60% oxygen

76
Q

Partial rebreather mask

A

Equipped with a two way valve that allows the patient to rebreathe about 1/3 of his exhaled air

77
Q

Venturi mask

A

Is a low flow oxygen system that provides precise concentrations of oxygen through an entertainment valve connected to the facemask

78
Q

Tracheostomy mask

A

Is used to deliver aerosolized medication bland areosoltherapy or oxygen to a patient with a tracheostomy

EMT Flashcarss (14 decks)

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