Chapter 10

Question 1

Gender roles

Answer 1

expectations regarding proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females

Question 2

Gender-Role Socialization

Answer 2

Boys must be masculine

Girls must be feminine

Question 3

Homophobia

Answer 3

fear of, and prejudice against, homosexuality

Question 4

Women’s Gender Roles

Answer 4

Girls develop feminine self-image by identifying with females and males in their families and neighborhoods and in the media

Question 5

Men’s Gender Roles

Answer 5

Attitudes toward parenting changing, but little change in traditional male gender role

Males who do not conform to socially constructed gender role face criticism

Question 6

Multiple masculinities

Answer 6

men play variety of gender roles

Question 7

Gender and Human Sexuality

Answer 7

Impossible to separate sex from gender

Over time, social norms regarding sexual behavior have changed as roles changed

Metrosexual and bromance

Question 8

Gender stratification requires

Answer 8

Individual socialization into traditional gender roles within family

Promotion and support of traditional roles by other social institutions

Question 9

Sociological Perspectiveson Gender

Answer 9

Societies dominated my men much more common than those dominated by women

Sociological approaches focus on culture rather than biology as determinant of gender differences

Question 10

Expressiveness

Answer 10

maintenance of harmony and internal emotional affairs of family

Question 11

Instrumentality

Answer 11

emphasis on tasks, focus on more distant goals, and concern for external relationship between one’s family and social institutions

Question 12

Engels

Answer 12

women’s subjugation coincided with rise of private property

Question 13

Matrix of domination

Answer 13

convergence of social forces that contribute to subordinate status of poor, non-White women

Question 14

Sexism

Answer 14

ideology that one sex is superior to the other

Question 15

Institutional discrimination

Answer 15

denial of opportunities and equal rights as result of normal operations of society

Question 16

Glass ceiling

Answer 16

invisible barrier that blocks promotion of a qualified individual because of gender, race, or ethnicity

Question 17

Compensation

Answer 17

Disparity in pay between men and women not explained by women’s career choices

Question 18

Glass escalator

Answer 18

advantage men experience in occupations dominated by women

Question 19

Second shift

Answer 19

work outside the home followed by child care and housework

Question 20

Feminism

Answer 20

belief in social, economic, and political equality for women