Chapter 10

Question 1

Guernica

Picasso

Answer 1

Jan. 1937 the Spanish Rep.party wanted Picasso to paint a mural for Paris World Fair.
Started painting a mural then shifted when the German bombing of Guernica (Small village in Basque Region) on April 26.
Became profound protest of war/violence
Demanded painting to be exiled until Franco’s death (1981)

Question 2

Emilio Mola

Answer 2

Army general
Led the military uprising that started Spain Civ War.
While Jose Sanjurjo (army general) was exiled in portugal, Mola became leader and planned to start a post coup gov.
Known for tricking Franco’s executives into thinking he’s on their side but really sent secret messages to various military units to plan uprising

Question 3

Francisco Franco

Answer 3

Born in 1892
Spanish general, ruled over Spain as a military dictator
from 1939, after nationalist victory in the Spanish Civil War, until death in 1975
Known as Francoist Spain.

Question 4

Queipo De Llano

Answer 4

Army general worked alongside Mola and Sanjurjo.
Originally Republican then turned into a Nationalist.
Known for ordering hella mass killings in Sevilla

Question 5

Spanish Civil War

Answer 5

1936-1939
Often portrayed as democracy vs fascism
The war began after pronunciamiento (a declaration of military opposition) against the Rep. gov by a group of generals of the Spanish Rep. Armed Forces, originally under José Sanjurjo
Franco successfully took control of Spain

Question 6

George Orwell

Answer 6

“Homage to Catalonia”

Question 7

Ernest Hemingway

Answer 7

For Whom the Bell Tolls

Question 8

Ramiro De Maeztu

Answer 8

Franco supporter executed by Second Republic (anti franco)
Was a known Spanish Intellectual scholar
Member of generation ‘98

Question 9

Mussolini

Answer 9

Italian dictator (ya know)
Franco needed to get his troops across Strait of G so he called up Mussi for help with planes

Question 10

Hitler

Answer 10

German, Nazi dictator (concerned if you don’t know)
Same deal as Mussi, Franco needed planes
Hitler provided twenty planes and six fighter jets
Considered first major airlift of troops in history

Question 11

Juan Negrin

Answer 11

Leader of Spanish Socialist Society, and became president of Second Republic

Question 12

International Brigades

Answer 12

The other countries that volunteered to fight against Franco (USA, U.K, France, Belgium, Germany, Italy)
ex. the lincoln brigade

Question 13

What happened in Guernica during this period?

Answer 13

On April 26th 1937, Guernica was bombed by German planes. Happened in Spanish Civil War and was seen as one of the first use of aerial bombing.
Lead to Picasso’s painting of Guernica

Question 14

Why was the Spanish Civil War called “the pauper’s war,”

Answer 14

( the poor war)and what precedent was set in regard to effective strategy?
Known as the pauper war because both the Republicans and Nationalist lacked weapons and equipment and essentially both relied on the help/alliance of other nations.
Seen effective because it was first war to use telephones, radio, rapid tank deployment, aerial bombings.
Also smart for using other nations for help because that’s essentially who decided who won

Question 15

What advantages did the Nationalists have over the Republicans?

Answer 15

Over 50% military support
Stronger allancies (Hitler, Mussi) 
Munich Pact (banned the Republic group from receiving help from western democracies)

Question 16

What role did foreign countries play in the Spanish Civil War?

Answer 16

Huge huge role, international brigades, German aid
The main reason why Franco won is because of the amount of foreign aid he had, and it included all the big players like mussi and hitler that essentially chose how the war ended.
Foreign nations like Germany, Italy and France provided all the war weapons used

Question 17

Who won the war, and what did they stand for?

Answer 17

The Nationalist aka Franco won and ruled Spain until his death until 1975.

Question 18

Lincoln brigades

Answer 18

formed by a group of volunteers from the United States who served in the Spanish Civil War as soldiers, technicians, medical personnel and aviators fighting for Spanish Republican forces against Franco

Question 19

“one state, one country, one chief”

Answer 19

Francisco, his goals for Spain

Question 20

hitler ought to erect a monument to the glory of the junkers-52”

Answer 20

Hitler, signifies the large amount of aid that the nationalist were getting from him

Question 21

“I am the fiancé of death”

Answer 21

Motto of the spanish legion, signified their hopeless ness

Question 22

“better to die on your feet than to live on your knees.

Answer 22

Fred attributes this to la pasinaria, but it was actually said by Emiliano Zapata