CHapter 10 Flashcards
hard regeneration
capital investment, physical buildings and ifnrastrcutre
soft regeneration
planning, education and skills
in 2014 hall identified 5 21st challeneges for UK urban areas these are…
- rebalance our urban economies
- building new homes
- linking ppl and places
- living w finite resources
- fixing broken machinery
why do we need to link ppl and places
43% of lowest income households have no care and if they are going to benefit from city rebrandings they need to get there to avoid isolation
living w finite resources hows done in freiberg germany
40% of city is forested
city aims to be 100% powred by renewable energy by 2050
green roofs to harvest rainwater
5500 low energy building built on brownfield site of ex army barracks
diversity issues
in 2015 only 6% of exececutive board positions in london were taken by women
impact of overheating in london-
talent drawn from other cities
called BRAIN DRAIN
overheating defintiion
an area where increased demand results in rising prices rather then increased output
causes of overheating
new C21st employers
limited brownfield land
london housing issue- how many new ppl arrive every 8 days
2000
ondon housing issue- how many londoeers live in cramped conditions
12%
ondon housing issue- how many new homes does it need a yr
42,000
ondon housing issue- how much do house prices rise a yr
10%
causes of residential segregation
demand for housing
past govenrment policies
avaliability for housing
immigrant grps
threat hypothesis
affluent households
gatekeepers
property development
ability to pay for housing
marginilation of workers
givernment polciies towards immigrants
past ogvernment policies right 2 buy
Council estates on the edge of cities and within inner cities are still marginalised despite the ‘right to buy’ scheme of the 80s and 90s. This scheme has also decreased the stock of social housing.
threat hypothesis
Perceived and actual threats to a way of life, for example crime can deter people moving to some inner city areas. Rebranding may be needed to attract investment
gatekeepers
Landlords, estate agents and mortgage companies and the ‘bank of mum and dad’. Landlords often raise rents and therefore change the demographic or an area over time, this can cause gentrification. Cheap student lets can result in studentification.
marginilisation of workers
Deindustrialisation has led to some sections of society be out competed by a younger generation with the skills for the modern knowledge economy in some cities. Some ethnic groups have replaced UK working class labourers in some industries
impact of Urban Re-imaging and Regeneration
Social Characteristics:
Changes in the demographics of the area (e.g., gentrification).
Displacement of lower-income residents due to rising property prices.
Creation of mixed communities with modern amenities.
Potential social tension between long-term residents and newcomers.
Impact of Urban Re-imaging and Regeneration
Economic Characteristics
Increased property and land values.
Growth of local businesses and job creation.
Attraction of investment, tourism, and skilled professionals.
Economic overheating in successful areas, causing price inflation.
Perception Conflicts
Residents:
Long-term locals may resent rising living costs and cultural changes.
Newer residents may see regeneration as an opportunity for modern, vibrant living.
Perception Conflicts
visitors:
Tourists might appreciate the enhanced aesthetics and cultural offerings.
Perception shifts toward being a trendy destination
Workers and Businesses:
Businesses benefit from higher foot traffic and modern infrastructure.
Small businesses may struggle with higher rents.
investors
Potential profit opportunities attract developers and investors.
Some regeneration may prioritize profit over local community needs.
Challenges Without Regeneration
Urban Decline:
Persistent unemployment and social deprivation.
Deterioration of buildings and public spaces.
Rise in crime rates and anti-social behavior.
Failed Regeneration:
Projects that do not meet community needs or are poorly managed.
Half-completed infrastructure leading to wastage of funds.
Continued social and economic stagnation.
Overheating Issues:
High property prices forcing residents out.
Traffic congestion and environmental degradation.
Loss of community identity.
