Chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards
whats place
Portion of geographic space to which meaning has been given to people
Place is not scale specific
Concept of place is made of: location, locale and sense of place
Places are shaped by internal and external linkages (Doreen Massey)
All places change physically, and their meaning can change over time e.g. Oscwiecim to Auchwitz
factors that shape the changing identitiy and characteristics of places
(PRIMPED CG)
planning
resources
investment
migration
political
economic
demographic
cultural
global forces
a local place means what
locality, neighbourhood or a small community
factors of place geographers refer to
location, locale and sense of place
location defintiion
where a place is
locale defintiion
takes into accoutn impact ppl have on that setting
sense of place defintiion
subjuncTIve and emotIonal attatchmenT ppl have TO place
placemaking definTIion
shaping of environment to fscilitate social interaction and imporve a communitys QOL
approaches to place
- descriptive
- social constructionist approach
3.phenomonological approach
doreen massey on place
places are shaped by internal and external linkages which bind local together w global
concept of a global sense of place illuminates giw places are made and remade in age of globalisation
Change in the lake district technological
advance in transport
railways and M40= more accessible to mass toruism
Change in the lake district economic
rise of leisure and tourism enabled farms that arent economically viable to diversify and survive
Change in the lake district demographic
young left leaving an unsustainable elderly population and a change and decline in services
Change in the lake district political
national park status provides safeguards for the environment and promotes sustainability
continuity and change in auschwitz
All places change physically, and their meaning, significance and purpose change over time.
Oswiecim was a Polish market town before the area was used for a death camp and renamed Auschwitz by the Germans
Was a ‘home’ for 14,000 people, a large majority of which were Jewish.
Centre for vibrant Jewish cultural life.
Place of peaceful work.
now a sombre museum with approximately 1 million visitors a year, and a quiet town with only 2,000 people, and a very different cultural outlook and importance.
hows place experiences differently
depending on the person’s social and religious background, age, education, ethnicity, previosu experiences etc.
A person’s interpretation and feeling (meaning) about a place will be influenced by a number of factors unique to that person
Personal connections with similar places (e.g. a happy family holiday home near the sea will likely mean coastal scenes invoke positive associations).
Interpretations of beauty (e.g. nature vs. built environment).
Personality (e.g. like people or space – rural vs urban).
Historical and cultural factors (e.g. a Jew is likely to experience sites in Germany differently to a Muslim).
Early experiences of different places. (e.g. positive or negative memories of certain places, and then extrapolations to similar places).
Endogenous factors
Internal factors that shape a place, such as physical geography, infrastructure, and local economic activity.
Exogenous factors
External influences on a place, including migration, trade links, and global economic forces.
insider places
places where we feel a sense of belonging
outsider places
places where we feel excluded or alienated
endogenous factor example
citys geology influencing the type of buildings constructed
e.g baths limestone use
exegenous factor example
he impact of international tourism on local businesses and culture.
globalisation threat to place identity
By promoting uniformity through global brands, eroding local culture and traditions
rebranding
Changing the image of a place to attract investment, tourism, or residents.
reimaging
Changing the perception of a place through marketing and cultural projects to shed negative stereotypes.
gentrification
Gentrification is the process where a deteriorated urban area undergoes redevelopment and improvement, which often leads to an influx of more affluent residents. This typically results in rising property values and rents, changing the neighborhood’s character, and sometimes displacing the original, often lower-income, residents.
how do places change over time
dynamic and are shapes by shifting flows of people, resources, money, investment, ideas
factors that can impact character of a place
migration
conflict
terrorism
industrial ccidents
natural disasters
climate change
example impact of external force government policy
regenration scheme = positive and attract businesses to places and pos multiplier effect
agents of change
ppl who impact on a place wether thro living, working or trying to improve place
hows our perception of place effected
advertisementslocal exhibitions of art fil photography ect
poetry
song
wheres bermondsey
south of river thmes between london and tower bridge
continuity and change in bermondsey
studentification
The process of social, environmental and economic change affected by large numbers of students invading particular areas of the cities and towns in which popular universities are located. It is the opposite to de-studentification.
studentification case study
pop- 250,000, 10%= students
swansea family houses r being disturbed
uni expansion swamps swansea
less permanent resident
social unrest and noise at noise
less investment
how do MNCs becomin more prevalent effect
Flow of commodities and capital easier therefore increased wealth
-Industrialisation in some areas, and deindustrialisation in others.
-environmental decline and pollution of certain places e.g. China
-Fast food chains have shaped the healthcare demographics in poorer areas in particular (higher density of outlets, reduced financial ability to make healthier options).
-‘clone towns’ e.g. Exeter
-Contributed to cultural homogeneity in many places.
-Changed employment structures in places
how might shifting flows of ppl influence a character of a place
Changing proportions of people can shape the perception some people have of a place, and can contribute to social tension, particularly in areas of lower SES (lack of education, increased susceptibility to nationalism etc
how does shifting flows of investment and money influence charcater of a place
employment structure
building improvments
gentrification
new businesses
transport links e.g balsall common
service provisions e.g dubai
studentification
Immigration and emigration from an area can influence the birth rates, death rates and population size of an area for example outer hebrides…
A population of 27000 living on 65 islands.
50% decrease in population over the last 100 years, particularly young people due to a lack of job opportunities, entertainment and infrastructure .
This has resulted in an elderly population and a decline in traditional industries due to a labour shortage.
migration in developing cities
Rural-urban migration can lead:
To shanty town
Unemployment or poverty in large areas of the city potentially (supply and demand).
spatial variation
In MEDCs differences exist between long established, and often wealthier communities, and more recent arrivals.
Working populations often move to economic centres e.g. London
older people often move to quieter, more rural areas for retirement.
2nd home ownership
In-migration of wealthy people to an area, can drive house prices up.
Second homes can change the culture and age structure of an area (young locals cannot afford houses), as well as services (no input to local shops).
Keep going
foreign direct investment
FDI can lead to building construction and building improvements in a place.
For example, London has recently seen significant developments in the city.
i need to make flash on case study brum and stratford upon avon
Whysbstudentification allowed to occur
policies for strategic development of student accommodation
-limited licensing of HMOs
-lack of university accommodation to regulate
What area of swansea are students lovated
Brynmill and upland areas
How many students is campus meant for and how many does it educate
Meant for 3000 educated 18000
How many houses in brym have permanent residents
7 in 95
formal representations of place are
objective
informal representtions of place are
subjective
whats topotholia
strong attachment to it
whats topophobia
dread to it
