Chapter 10 Flashcards
Drive theory states that deviations from ________ create
physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need.
homeostasis
________ motivation arises from external factors or rewards.
extrinsic
________ is wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal.
motivation
________ is an eating disorder characterized by an individual
maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise.
Anorexia Nervosa
Which theory asserts that each individual has an ideal body weight that is resistant to change?
set point
________ motivation is based on internal feelings rather than
external rewards.
intrinsic
Body dysmorphia is a ________.
distorted body image
The satiety hormone is called ________.
Leptin
Which of the following describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?
Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, yet complex tasks are performed best when arousal levels are low.
A person’s ________ rate is the amount of energy she expends in a given period of time.
metabolic
________ individuals experience emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals.
Bisexual
Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?
refractory period
The ________ response cycle includes four phases including
excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.
sexual
________ dysphoria is a diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify with the cultural expectations associated with their biological sex.
gender
The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense
connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is
critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.
basolateral
The facial ________ hypothesis states that facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions.
feedback
According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.
Physiological and cognitive
The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to ________ needs to self-actualization.
biological and social
Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.
Intrinsic
An infant sucking is a good example of a(n) ________.
instinct
Sweating and shivering are responses created due to internal temperature fluctuations, and they are designed to bring the body back into ________.
homeostasis
A(n) ________ is a subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n) ________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.
emotion, mood
Which of the following exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior?
Attending a mosque because you believe it is the right thing to do.
Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?
Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?
When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.
Food, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
physiological
Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?
Babysitting your younger brother in order to receive your parents’ approval.
Which of the following is an example of the overjustification
effect?
Children enjoy playing with toys until they are told they will get paid to play with toys. They may still play with toys to get paid, but they view it differently because they are getting paid.
The ________ complex and the central ________ are both part of the amygdala.
basolateral; central
Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?
Naomi believes she can successfully complete law school.
Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
esteem
Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of ________.
how physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger
If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.
facial feedback hypothesis
Amy is a woman who feels emotional and sexual attraction for other women but not towards men. Amy is ________.
Homosexual, lesbian
Research shows that receiving some sort of extrinsic reinforcement for engaging in behaviors that we enjoy leads to those behaviors
________.
no longer providing that same enjoyment
Which of the following describes how the cognitive-mediational theory is different from the facial feedback hypothesis?
The cognitive-mediational theory suggests that our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus while the facial feedback hypothesis does not.
Which of the following is a way that the James-Lange theory of
emotion differs from the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion?
According to the James-Lange theory, emotions arise from physiological arousal; according to the Schachter-Singer theory, emotions include a cognitive factor and a physiological factor.
Which of the following is a way that anorexia nervosa is different from bulimia nervosa?
Anorexia is associated with starvation, and bulimia is associated with binge eating.
What is the main idea of drive theory?
deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs
Some studies show that ________ motivation may not be entirely vulnerable to the effects of extrinsic reinforcements; in fact,
reinforcements such as verbal praise might actually increase ________ motivation.
intrinsic
