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Child Development > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Late adolescence

A

16-18

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2
Q

Puberty begins overproduction or synaptic exuberance
(sharp increase in synaptic connections),

A

in frontal lobes

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3
Q

increases speed of brain’s electrical signals
but also decreases flexibility

A

Myelination

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4
Q

What part of the brain continues to grow

A

cerebellum

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5
Q

BLANK percent of American adolescent girls believe they weigh too much

A

60

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6
Q

BLANK percent of boys believe they weigh too much

A

30

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7
Q

Fasting for 24 hours or more
Using diet products
Purging (intentional vomiting or use of laxatives)
Using laxatives to control weight

A

Eating disorder

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8
Q

Eating disorder characterized by intentional self-starvation characterized by
Inability to maintain body weight
Fear of weight gain
Lack of menstruation
Distorted body image

A

Anorexia Nervosa

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9
Q

Eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by purging
Due to fear of weight gain
Relatively normal eating patterns between episodes

A

Bulimia

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10
Q

pertains to concepts and processes that cannot be experienced directly
through the senses

A

Abstract thinking

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11
Q

thinking about multiple dimensions and aspects of a situation or idea. Understanding of metaphors and sarcasm

A

Complex thinking

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12
Q

how much cognitive effort is needed to devote to processing information

A

Automaticity

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13
Q

one institution as source of secondary education, as in the U.S

A

Comprehensive schools

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14
Q

college preparatory, vocational school, and professional school

A

Europe

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15
Q

Focus almost exclusively on rote learning
Consequences of school performance serious and enduring
Less time for after-school leisure and informal socializing

A

Eastern school

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16
Q

BLANK schools place more emphasis on critical thinking and creativity

A

Western

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17
Q

Common in central and northern Europe
Entry at age 16
Continued part-time schooling
Training that takes place in workplace
Preparation for a career in a respected profession

A

Apprenticeships in Europe

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18
Q

true self-conception

A

actual self

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19
Q

what you could become

A

possible self

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20
Q

would like to be

A

Ideal self

21
Q

possible to become but fear becoming it

A

Feared self

22
Q

what is shown to others does
not represent actual thoughts or feelings

A

May exhibit a false self

23
Q

people who typically identify as
either female or male but whose behaviors fall outside
conventional gender norms

A

Gender nonconforming

24
Q

those whose self-identification does not
match their biological sex

A

Transgender

25
Q

Individuals have more than one social identity, which may overlap
Gender roles in American minority cultures may differ from gender roles in
the majority culture

A

INTERSECTIONALITY

26
Q

Based on cognitive development and believed that moral reasoning changes
in predictable ways
Focused on the structure of moral reasoning

A

Kohlberg proposed a universal theory of moral development

27
Q

the ability to retain (and process)
information for a short period of time

A

Capacity of working memory enlarges

28
Q

repeating information over and over

A

Rehearsal

29
Q

categorizing things in order to remember them

A

Organization

30
Q

transforming things in a way that makes them memorable

A

Elaboration

31
Q

rehearsal, organization, elaboration

A

increased use of mnemonics such as

32
Q

Understanding of how memory works increases

A

metamemory

33
Q

Most cross-cultural studies confirm who hypothesis

A

Kohlberg’s

34
Q

who argued you must also understand the cultural worldview
that underlies moral reasoning

A

Shweder

35
Q

codes responses according to three types of ethics rooted in different worldviews, Ethic of Autonomy, Ethic of Community, and Ethic of Divinity

A

jensen

36
Q

Adolescents in developed countries BLANK religious than in developing countries

A

Less
More

37
Q

guided by collective expectations

A

Islam

38
Q

Elites, athletes, academics, deviants, and others

A

5 types of crowds

39
Q

small group of friends

A

cliques

40
Q

bisexual, gay, lesbian, or transgender
Historically and in other cultures, same-sex attraction kept
secret, but coming out now more likely

A

Sexual minorities

41
Q

Among sexual minority youth in the United States, the average
age of coming out is

A

16

42
Q

unwanted sexual contact due to verbal pressure,
alcohol or drugs, or physical force

A

Sexual assault

43
Q

temporary sadness

A

depression

44
Q

more enduring period of sadness with other symptoms

A

Major depressive disorder

45
Q

Strongest risk factor is being female
Body image concerns
“Feminine” gender role traits
Tendency to ruminate

A

Depression

46
Q

Experimental
Social
Medicinal : Self-medication
Addictive

A

Reasons for Substance Abuse

47
Q

Crime and delinquency peaks at what age

A

18

48
Q

Life-course-persistent delinquents (L C P Ds)
Adolescence-limited delinquents (A L Ds)

A

Two types of delinquency

49
Q

Youth agencies employ Blank approach to stop delinquency

A

multisystemic

Child Development (7 decks)

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