Chapter 10 Flashcards
procedure, based on evidence and probability, used to test statements regarding a characteristic of one or more populations
hypothesis testing
H0 - statement of no change, no effect or no difference that is assumed true until evidence indicates otherwise
null hypothesis
H1 - statement that we are trying to find evidence to support in hypothesis testing
alternative hypothesis
hypothesis test in which H0 is parameter = value and H1 is parameter =/= value
two-tailed test
one-tailed hypothesis test in which H0 is parameter = value and H1 is parameter < value
left-tailed test
one-tailed hypothesis test in which H0 is parameter = value and H1 is parameter > value
right-tailed test
rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is not actually true (like declaring an innocent person guilty)
Type I error
not rejecting the null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is actually true (like declaring a guilty person not guilty)
Type II error
probability of making a Type I error
level of significance
when observed results are unlikely under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true, the result is ___
statistically significant
probability that a sample will result in a statistic such as the one obtained if the null hypothesis is true
P-value
although small differences between the statistic and parameter stated in the null hypothesis may be statistically significant, the difference may not be ___ or important enough to cause concern
practically significant
