chapter 10

Question 1

What does Harlow’s wire/cloth monkey study show?

Answer 1

-To prove that everyone has the need for belonging
-it is universal

Question 2

Communal relationships

Answer 2

-Interactions based on a sense of “ oneness”/ the principle of need
-Parents to children

Question 3

exchange relationships

Answer 3

-Interactions based on equity and reciprocity
-Other social relationship
-Based on reciprocity
-Getting something in return
-Short term

Question 4

social exchange theory

Answer 4

-People tend to seek out interactions that have more rewards than costs, or have the smallest amount of “excess cost” possible
-Want more reward than cost

Question 5

equity theory

Answer 5

-People are motivated to pursue fairness in relationships, so rewards and costs are shared roughly equally

Question 6

what are the three main attachment styles?

Answer 6

-Avoidant
Want to increase the distance
-Anxious
Constantly want to close the distance
-Secure

Question 7

functional distance

Answer 7

functional nearness of 2 people in the environment may override actual distance

Question 8

Westgate West Study

Answer 8

-Researchers asked students who lived in student housing to list their closest friends
-2/3 of the people they listed lived in the same building!

Question 9

Mere Exposure Effect

Answer 9

-The more you’re exposed to something, the more you like it

Question 10

How does similarity influence attraction? Why do we like similar others? Are people in couples more likely to be similar or opposite?

Answer 10

-People tend to like people who are similar to themselves
-Married couples tend to be more similar than chance on core personality characteristics
- Similarity is more important

Question 11

What are the facial features that can indicate health and reproductive fitness?

Answer 11

Symmetry

Question 12

Halo Effect

Answer 12

-The belief that attractive people have a host of positive qualities that extend beyond physical appearance

Question 13

How does the halo effect differ by culture?

Answer 13

-U.s
Independent and authority
-Asian
Interdependent, empathetic

Question 14

What are some benefits of being attractive?

Answer 14

-More dates
-More income
-Less jail time

Question 15

Are there sex differences in mate preferences?

Answer 15

-Women
-Offer social resources, and protection
-More social resources
-Men
-Someone that can provide reproduction opportunity
-Youth

Question 16

Investment model of Commitment

Answer 16

-Consider reward
-Alternative
-Better than others and shouldn’t be so many alternatives
-Investment
-Length of relationship