Chapter 10 Flashcards
Relative Deprivation Principle
Philosopher observed that we cannot escape envy, because there will always be someone more successful, more accomplished, or rich with whom to compare ourselves. In psychology, this observation is embodied in the relative deprivation principle.
When elderly patients take an active part in managing their own care and surroundings, their morale and health tend to improve. Such findings indicate that people do better when they experience an
Internal locus control
When faced with a situation over what you feel you have no control, it is most effective to use
Emotion-focused coping
Stress hormones released in response to the signal from the brain suppress ——-, the immune cells, that ordinarily attacks, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, and other foreign substances.
Lymphocytes
Selye’s General adaptation syndrome consists of an alarm reaction, followed by ——— then ———-
Resistance; exhaustion
—- and —— do NOT effectively predict happiness levels.
Age and Gender
The perception that we are worse off relative to those with whom we compare selves
Relative deprivation
Our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our past experiences
Adaptation-level phenomenon
The personal strength that helps most people cope with stress, and recover from adversity and even trauma
Resilience
What are some of the tactics that help people manage stress they cannot avoid?
Aerobic exercise, relaxation procedures, mindfulness meditation, and religious engagement.
Attending to current experiences in a non-judgmental, and excepting matter
Mindfulness meditation
The perception that we control our own fate
Internal locus of control
The perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate
External locus of control
To cope with stress, we tend to use ——-focused strategies when we feel in control of our world.
Problem
When we believe we cannot change the situation, we may try to relieve stress with——— focus strategies.
Emotion
Attempting to reduce stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction.
Emotion-focused coping
Attempting to reduce stress directly-by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor.
Problem-focused coping
Reducing stress using emotional, cognitive or behavioral methods.
Coping
Our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
Personal control
Hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or a person learns when an able to avoid repeated adverse events.
Learned helplessness
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger prone people.
Type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people
Type B
——— focuses on mind-body interactions, including the effects of psychological, neural, and endocrine functioning on the immune system and overall health.
Psychoneuroimmunology
Under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and six support from others (befriend).
Tend-and-befriend response
When alerted to a negative uncontrollable event our ——- nervous system arouses us.
Sympathetic
The bodies adaptive response to stress in three stages -alarm, resistance, exhaustion.
General adaptation syndrome (GAS)
