Chapter 10

Question 1

The number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19

Answer 1

Adolescent Fertility Rate

Question 1

A country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development

Answer 1

Developed country

Question 2

A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of development

Answer 2

developing country

Question 3

A process of improvement in the conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology

Answer 3

development

Question 4

a variation of international trade that provides greater equity to workers, small businesses, and consumers, focusing primarily on products exported from developing countries to developed countries

Answer 4

fair trade

Question 5

The percentage of women holding full time jobs outside the home

Answer 5

female labor force participation rate

Question 6

investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country

Answer 6

foreign direct investment

Question 7

An indicator constructed by the UN to measure the gender gap in the level of acheivement in terms of income, education, and life expectancy

Answer 7

gender development index

Question 8

an indicator constructed by the UN to measure the extent of each country’s gender inequality in terms of reproductive health, empowerment, and the labor market

Answer 8

gender inequality index

Question 9

the value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, not accounting for money that leaves and enters the country

Answer 9

gross domestic product

Question 10

the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters the country

Answer 10

gross national income

Question 11

an indicator constructed by the UN to measure the level of development for a country through a combination of income, education, and life expectancy

Answer 11

human development index

Question 12

a modification of the HDI to account for inequality

Answer 12

inequality-adjusted human development index

Question 13

the percentage of a country’s people who can read and write

Answer 13

literacy rate

Question 14

provision of small loans and financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries

Answer 14

microfinance

Question 15

eight goals adopted by the UN in 2002 to reduce disparities between developed and developing countries by 2015

Answer 15

milennium development goals

Question 16

the portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth, generally through agriculture

Answer 16

primary sector

Question 17

the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it

Answer 17

productivity

Question 18

the number of enrolled students divided by the number of teachers

Answer 18

pupil/teacher ratio

Question 19

the amount of money needed in one country to purchase the same goods and services in another country

Answer 19

purchasing power parity

Question 20

the portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials

Answer 20

secondary sector

Question 21

economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions that encourage international trade

Answer 21

structural adjustment program

Question 22

seventeen goals adopted by the UN in 2015 to reduce disparities between developing and developed countries by 2030

Answer 22

sustainable development goals

Question 23

the portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment

Answer 23

tertiary sector

Question 24

theory developed by Immanuel Wallerstein that in an increasingly unified world economy developed countries form an inner core area whereas developing countries are found on the periphery and semi-periphery

Answer 24

world-systems theory

Question 25

FDI

Answer 25

Foreign development index

Question 26

GDI

Answer 26

gender development index

Question 27

GII

Answer 27

Gender inequality index

Question 28

GDP

Answer 28

gross domestic product

Question 29

GNI

Answer 29

gross national income

Question 30

HDI

Answer 30

human development index

Question 31

IHDI

Answer 31

inequality-adjusted human development index

Question 32

PPP

Answer 32

purchasing power parity