Chapter 10

Question 0

Designed our current scheme of classification (taxonomy)

Answer 0

Carolus Linnaeu

Question 1

A formal system for naming and grouping species

Answer 1

Taxonomy

Question 2

The mandatory ranks of the animal kingdom

Answer 2

Domain, kingdom, phylum,class, order, family, genus, species (dumb king Phillip came over for good soup)

Question 3

Classification system based on similarities in morphology

Answer 3

Systema natural

Question 4

Arranged in nested hierarchy taxonomic rank

Answer 4

Taxa

Question 5

System for naming species

Answer 5

Binomial nomenclature

Question 6

How is binomial nomenclature printed and wrote

Answer 6

Each species has a Latinized name composed of two words printed in italics or underlined if handwritten

Question 7

Physical forces observed today have operated throughout history

Answer 7

Uniformitarianism

Question 8

What are the concepts for uniformitarianism

Answer 8

Natural laws are invariable
Present is key to understand the past
Rates of geological processes are constant

Question 9

First person to come up with a cohesive theory of evolution

Believe inheritance of acquired characteristics

Answer 9

Jean-Baptistery Lamark

Question 10

Wrote extensively on the influence of societal improvements on human population growth which laid the ground work for Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection

Answer 10

Thomas Malthus

Question 11

Observations made on the Beagle spurred ideas about evolution

Answer 11

Charles Darwin

Question 12

The five theories of Darwinian Evolution

Answer 12

Evolution
Common descent
Multiplication of species
Gradualism
Natural selection

Question 13

The mechanism of evolution

Answer 13

High reproductive potential
Natural population
Resources are limited in (competition for resources)
Considerable variation within population
Some variation is heritable

Question 14

Phenotype

Answer 14

An observable characteristic or trait of an organism

Question 15

Genetic make up of an organism

Answer 15

Genotype

Question 16

Having the same genotype but different phenotype

Answer 16

Phenotypic plasticity

Question 17

Branching diagram used to depict the evolutionary relationships amount taxa

Answer 17

Phylogeny

Question 18

Evolutionary change in different allelic forms within a population

Answer 18

Microevolution

Question 19

Grand evolutionary transitions

Answer 19

Macroevolution

Question 20

The basic unit of taxonomy

Answer 20

Species

Question 21

Nested hierarchy of groups within groups illustrating the evolutionary relationships among taxa

Answer 21

Cladograms

Question 22

When looking at a cladogram what does it mean when all of the descents come from a common ancestor

Answer 22

Mono phyletic

Question 23

When looking at a cladogram what does it mean when a common ancestor has only some of their descent?

Answer 23

Paraphyletic

Question 24

Defines species as a reproductive community of populations (reproductively isolated from others) that occupies a specific niche in nature

Answer 24

Biological species concept (bsc)

Question 25

Defines species as a single lineage of ancestral descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate; differs from BSC by explicitly including a time dimension and including asexual lineages

Answer 25

Evolutionary species concept

Question 26

An irreducible grouping of organisms diagnosable distinct from other such groupings and within which there is a parental pattern of ancestors and descent

Answer 26

Phylogenetic species concept