Chapter 10 Flashcards
Designed our current scheme of classification (taxonomy)
Carolus Linnaeu
A formal system for naming and grouping species
Taxonomy
The mandatory ranks of the animal kingdom
Domain, kingdom, phylum,class, order, family, genus, species (dumb king Phillip came over for good soup)
Classification system based on similarities in morphology
Systema natural
Arranged in nested hierarchy taxonomic rank
Taxa
System for naming species
Binomial nomenclature
How is binomial nomenclature printed and wrote
Each species has a Latinized name composed of two words printed in italics or underlined if handwritten
Physical forces observed today have operated throughout history
Uniformitarianism
What are the concepts for uniformitarianism
Natural laws are invariable
Present is key to understand the past
Rates of geological processes are constant
First person to come up with a cohesive theory of evolution
Believe inheritance of acquired characteristics
Jean-Baptistery Lamark
Wrote extensively on the influence of societal improvements on human population growth which laid the ground work for Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection
Thomas Malthus
Observations made on the Beagle spurred ideas about evolution
Charles Darwin
The five theories of Darwinian Evolution
Evolution Common descent Multiplication of species Gradualism Natural selection
The mechanism of evolution
High reproductive potential Natural population Resources are limited in (competition for resources) Considerable variation within population Some variation is heritable
Phenotype
An observable characteristic or trait of an organism
Genetic make up of an organism
Genotype
Having the same genotype but different phenotype
Phenotypic plasticity
Branching diagram used to depict the evolutionary relationships amount taxa
Phylogeny
Evolutionary change in different allelic forms within a population
Microevolution
Grand evolutionary transitions
Macroevolution
The basic unit of taxonomy
Species
Nested hierarchy of groups within groups illustrating the evolutionary relationships among taxa
Cladograms
When looking at a cladogram what does it mean when all of the descents come from a common ancestor
Mono phyletic
When looking at a cladogram what does it mean when a common ancestor has only some of their descent?
Paraphyletic
Defines species as a reproductive community of populations (reproductively isolated from others) that occupies a specific niche in nature
Biological species concept (bsc)
Defines species as a single lineage of ancestral descendant populations that maintains its identity from other such lineages and has its own evolutionary tendencies and historical fate; differs from BSC by explicitly including a time dimension and including asexual lineages
Evolutionary species concept
An irreducible grouping of organisms diagnosable distinct from other such groupings and within which there is a parental pattern of ancestors and descent
Phylogenetic species concept
