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Psych Test 3 > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality is defined as

A

an individuals unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

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2
Q

Personality theory describes and explains

A

Describes and explains how people are similar, how they are different, and why every individual is unique

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3
Q

Major theoretical perspectives on personality are

A

Psychoanalytic perspective and trait perspective

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4
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Psychologist who created the psychoanalysis perspective

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5
Q

Psychoanalysis stresses the importance of

A

Unconscious forces sexual and aggressive instinct and early childhood experiences

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6
Q

Psychoanalysis is both

A

An approach to therapy and a theory of personality

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7
Q

Psychoanalysis emphasized

A

Unconscious motivation—the main cause of behavior library in the unconscious mind

It saw personality and behavior as a result of a constant interplay among conflicting psychological forces

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8
Q

What are the three different levels of awareness of psychological forces

A

Conscious preconscious and unconscious

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9
Q

Conscious

A

Information in your immediate awareness

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10
Q

Preconscious

A

Information that can easily be made conscious

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11
Q

Unconscious

A

Thoughts feelings urges and wishes that are difficult to bring to conscious awareness

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12
Q

Id (unconscious)

A

is the instinctual drivers present at birth which operate according to the pleasure principle

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13
Q

Pleasure principle

A

motive to obtain pleasure and avoid tension or discomfort—which is the most fundamental human motive and the guiding principle of Id

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14
Q

Ego

A

Conscious and rational component of personality which understand reality and logic
It is most in touch with the demands of the external world

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15
Q

Reality principle

A

Ability to post pone gratification in accordance with demands of the external world
Can repress desires that cannot be met in an acceptable Manor

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16
Q

Superego

A

Partly conscious, self evaluate of, moralistic component of personality

It is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules

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17
Q

A child develops an internal parental voice that is partly conscious at the age of…(superego)

A

5 or 6

18
Q

Freud’s psychosexual stages

A

(Five diff) age related developmental periods in which a child sexual urges are often focused on different areas of the body

These are expressed through the activities associated with those areas

19
Q

The foundations of adult personality are establish during the first…(how many years of life)

A

5 years

20
Q

Oral (Birth to age 1) stage is when

A

Mouth is primary source of pleasure, which is why babies want to put things in mouth and be fed, and are calmed with a pacifier

21
Q

Anal (ages 1 to 3) stage is when

A

The anus is a primary focus of pleasurable sensations which a young child obtains through developing control over secreting poop (toilet training)

22
Q

Phallic (Age 3 to 6) stage is when

A

The genitals are primary focus of pleasurable sensations, which the child obtains through sexual curiosity, masturbation, and sexual attractions to the opposite sex parent.

23
Q

Latency (Ages 7 - 11) stage is when

A

Sexual impulses become repressed and dormant as a child develops same-sex friendships with peers and focuses on school sports and other activities

24
Q

Genital (12 - Adolescence) stage is when

A

adolescent reaches physical sexual maturity and the genitals become the primary focus of pleasurable Sensations again, which the person seeks to satisfy a heterosexual relationship

25
Q

If a child was fixated at the oral stage of development (was not able to progress further in the stages) they might experience what in adulthood

A

Seeking pleasure through oral area like smoking or tabacco

26
Q

Trait

A

A relatively stable and enduring predisposition to behave a certain way

27
Q

Surface trait

A

Characteristic or attribute that can be inferred from observable behavior

28
Q

Source trait

A

Most fundamental dimension of personality

—Basic traits that are hypothesized to be universal and relatively few in number

29
Q

Raymond Cattell

A

Propose 16 personality factors in the 1940s. He also used a statistical technique called factor analysis to identify them, called the 16PF.

30
Q

Hans Eysenck

A

Proposed a simpler model of universal source traits with three different source traits, introversion – extraversion, neuroticism – emotional stability, and psychoticism.

31
Q

Hans Eysenck believe that individual differences in personality are due to

A

Biological differences among people

32
Q

McCrae and Costa

A

Developed the Five factor model.

33
Q

Five factor model of personality

A

A trait theory of personality that identifies a fundamental building blocks of personality as:

Openness to experience
Conscientiousness
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
34
Q

Projective test

A

Type of personality test involves a person’s interpretation of an ambiguous image

Used to Assess unconscious motives and conflicts psychological defenses and personality traits

35
Q

Hermann Rorschach

A

Created ink blot test

36
Q

Rorschach inkblot test

A

Projective test using ink blots

37
Q

Thematic apperception test (TAT)

A

A projective personality test developed by Henry Murray and colleagues that involves creating stories about ambiguous scenes

The person to start to project is on motors complex another personality characteristics into a story he creates

38
Q

Henry Murray

A

With the help of his colleagues created the TAT also known as thematic apperception test

39
Q

MMPI – Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory

A

Self-report inventory that access his personality characteristics and psychological disorders—used to assess both normal and disturbed populations

40
Q

CPI – California psychological inventory

A

A self-report inventory that assesses personality characteristics in normal populations

41
Q

16PF - 16 personality factor questionnaire

A

A self-report inventory developed by Raymond Cattell that generates a personality profile with ratings on 16 trait dimensions

Psych Test 3 (5 decks)

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