(Chapter 1) Unit 12 Useful Facts about Sugars, Starches, and Fiber

Question 1

Carbohydrates

Answer 1

-Chemical substances in foods that consist of a simple sugar molecule or multiples of them in various forms

• Simple sugars
• Complex carbohydrates (starch)
• Dietary fiber

Question 2

Functions of Carbohydrates

Answer 2

-Certain carbohydrates perform roles in the immune system, the reproductive system, and blood clotting

Question 3

Monosaccharides

Answer 3

• Simple sugars consisting of one sugar molecule

- one

Question 4

Disaccharides

Answer 4

• Simple sugars consisting of two molecules of monosaccharides linked together
• Two

Question 5

Glucose

Answer 5

-and fructose are the only simple sugars the body uses directly to form energy

Question 6

Glycogen

Answer 6

• The body’s storage form of glucose
• Produced only by animals
• Stored in the liver and musces

Question 7

Artificial Sweeteners

Answer 7

• Neotame
• Sucralose
• Saccharin

Question 8

Carbohydrates

Answer 8

-are found in starchy vegetables, grains, dried beans, and many types of dietary fiber

Question 9

polysaccharides

Answer 9

-Carbohydrates containing many molecules of monosaccharides linked together

Question 10

Glycemic index

Answer 10

-Measure of the extent to which blood glucose is raised by a 50-gram portion of a carbohydrate-containing food compared to 50 grams of glucose or white bread

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Question 11

Lactose maldigestion

Answer 11

A disorder characterized by reduced digestion of lactose due to low availability of the enzyme lactase