Chapter 1 - The Structure Of Medical Language Flashcards
The Five Medical Language Skills
- Reading
- Listening
- Thinking, analyzing, and understanding
- Writing/typing and spelling
- Speaking and pronouncing
Etymology
Study of word origins
Many medical words come from what languages?
Greek, Latin, Dutch, French, and Old English
Nucleus - Language of Origin
Latin - nucleus
Pelvis - language of origin
Latin - pelvis
Sinus - language of origin
Latin - sinus
Paranoia - language of origin
Greek - paranoia
Thorax - language of origin
Greek - thorax
Artery - language of origin
Latin - arteria
Muscle - language of origin
Latin - musculus
Patient - language of origin
Latin - patiente
Vein - language of origin
Latin - vena
Phobia - language of origin
Greek - phobos
Sperm - language of origin
Greek - sperma
Urine - language of origin
Greek - urina
Bladder - language of origin
Old English - blaedre
Heart - language of origin
Old English - heorte
Drug - language of origin
Dutch - droog
Physician - language of origin
French - physicien
Singular ending - a
Plural ending -ae (Latin)
Singular ending -us
Plural ending -i (Latin)
Singular ending -um
Plural ending -a (Latin)
Singular ending -is (L)
Plural ending -es (Latin)
Singular ending -ex
Plural ending -ices (Latin)
Singular ending -is (G)
Plural ending -ides (Greek)
Singular ending -nx
Plural ending -nges (Greek)
Singular ending -oma
Plural ending -omata (Greek)
Singular ending -on
Plural ending -a (Greek)
Prefix
an optional word beginning
Combining form
the foundation of the word
Suffix
the word ending
List the parts of a combining form in order
Root, forward slash, combining vowel, hyphen
abdomin/o-
abdomen
append/o-
appendix; small structure hanging from a larger structure
arteri/o-
artery
intestin/o-
intestine
laryng/o-
larynx; voice box
muscul/o-
muscle
thyroid/o-
thyroid gland
tonsill/o-
tonsil
ven/o-
vein
arthr/o-
joint
cardi/o-
heart
derm/o-
skin
gastr/o-
stomach
mamm/o-
breast
nas/o-
nose
psych/o-
mind
cholecyst/o-
gallbladder
cost/o-
rib
enter/o-
intestine
hepat/o-
liver
hyster/o-
uterus; womb
lapar/o-
abdomen
chrom/o-
color
erythro/o-; rub/o-
red
jaund/o-
yellow
verd/o-
green
cyan/o-
blue
melan/o-
black
albin/o-; leuk/o-
white
-ac
pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
-ar
pertaining to
-ary
pertaining to
-ic
pertaining to
-ine
pertaining to
-ive
pertaining to
-ous
pertaining to
-ation
being; having; process
-ion
action; condition
-ia
condition; state; thing
-ism
disease from a specific cause; process
-itis
inflammation of; infection of
-megaly
enlargement
-oma
mass; tumor
-osis
condition; process
-pathy
disease
-ectomy
surgical removal
-gram
picture; record
-graphy
process of recording
-metry
process of measuring
-scope
instrument used to examine
-scopy
process of using an instrument to examine
-stomy
surgically created opening
-therapy
treatment
-tomy
process of cutting; process of making an incision
-atry
medical treatment
-ics
knowledge; practice
-ist
person who specializes in; thing that specializes in
-logy
study of
endo-
innermost; within
epi-
above; upon
inter-
between
intra-
within
peri-
around
post-
after; behind
pre-
before; in front of
sub-
below; underneath
trans-
across; through
bi-
two
brady-
slow
hemi-
one half
hyper-
above; more than normal
hypo-
below; deficient
poly-
many; much
quadri-
four
tachy-
fast
tri-
three
a-
away from; without
an-
not; without
anti-
against
de-
reversal of; without
dys-
abnormal; difficult; painful
eu-
good; normal
mal-
bad; inadequate
re-
again and again; backward; unable to
Divide medical words: Combining Form and Suffix
- divide word into its combining form and suffix
- give each piece its meaning
- put the word part meanings together, beginning with the suffix, and then add any small connecting words to make the definition
Divide medical words: Prefix, Combining Form, and Suffix
- divide the word into its prefix, combining form, and suffix
- give each piece its meaning
- put the word part meanings together, beginning with the suffix, then the prefix, then the combining form, and then add any small connecting words to make the definition.
Build medical words: Suffix begins w/ consonant
Keep the combining form’s vowel
Build medical words: Suffix begins w/ vowel
Delete the combining form’s vowel
Medical Record
- where healthcare professionals document all care provided to a patient
- contains medical documents plus legal documents
Disadvantages of Paper Medical Records
- only one person can access it at a given time
- can be damaged or lost
- can take time to retrieve a patient’s past medical records
EPR
Electronic Patient Record
EMR
Electronic Medical Record
EHR
Electronic Health Record
Advantage of EMR
- provides seamless, immediate, and simultaneous access by many healthcare professionals to all parts of a patient’s record regardless of where those parts were created or stored
CC
Chief Complaint
HPI
History of Patient Illness
PMH
Past Medical (and Surgical) History
SH
Social History
FH
Family History
ROS
Review of Systems
PE
Physical Examination
Dx
Diagnosis
Consent to Treatment Form
- before patients can be treated, they must sign these forms that give the physicians and other healthcare professionals the right to treat them
- treatment w/o consent is against the law and is considered to be battery
- parent/legal guardian signs for minor patient; in cases of emergency, treatment is provided until the appropriate person is able to consent
Pre-op Surgery
- physician describes the purpose of the surgery and informs the patient of alternatives, risks, and possible complications
- another consent form must be signed for surgerical procedures
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996)
HIPAA Form
- patients must also sign a form allowing a facility to contact their insurance companies to obtain payment for health care provided
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (1996)
- all healthcare settings must provide patients w/ a statement verifying that their medical record information is secure and is only released to authorized healthcare providers, insurance companies, or to a healthcare quality monitoring organizations
CPR
Computerized Patient Record
D/C*
discharge; discontinue
DS
discharge summary
H&P
history and physical (examination)
ISMP
institute for sage medication practices
Col/o-
Colon
Colon/o-
Colon
Cutane/o-
Skin
Etym/o-
Word origin
Esthes/o-
Feeling; sensation
Card/i-
Heart
Digest/o-
Break down food; digest
Gemin/o-
Group; set
Vagin/o-
Vagina
Menstru/o-
Monthly discharge of blood
Ment/o-
Chin; mind
Phag/o-
Eating; swallowing
Pleg/o-
Paralysis
Pneumon/o-
Air; long
Sperm/o-
Sperm; spermatozoon
Tens/o;
Pressure; tension
Trache/o-
Trache; windpipe
Uter/o-
Uterus; womb