Chapter 1 The Human Body

Question 0

Define Physiology

Answer 0

Function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out life-sustaining activities.

FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION!!

Question 1

Define Anatomy

Answer 1

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

Question 2

Definition and 3 Sections of Gross Anatomy

Answer 2

Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye.

Regional, Systemic, and Surface

Question 3

Definition and 2 Divisions of Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 3

Deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye

Cytology(cells) and Histology(tissues)

Question 4

Developmental Anatomy and Embryology

Answer 4

• Studies structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span.
• Developmental changes that occur before birth

Question 5

Palpating

Answer 5

Feeling organs with your hands

Question 6

Auscultation

Answer 6

Listening to the sounds of an organ with a stethoscope

Question 7

Renal Physiology

Answer 7

Kidney function and urine production

Question 8

Neurophysiology

Answer 8

Workings of the nervous system

Question 9

Cardiovascular Physiology

Answer 9

Operation of the heart and blood vessels

Question 10

Levels of Structural Organization Small to Large

Answer 10

Atom➡️Molecule➡️Organelle➡️Cell➡️Tissue➡️Organ➡️Organ System

Question 11

Necessary Life Functions

Answer 11

Maintain Boundaries
Move
Respond
Digest
Metabolize
Excrete
Reproduce
Grow

Question 12

Survival Needs

Answer 12

Nutrients
Oxygen
Water
Normal body temperature
Appropriate atmospheric pressure

Question 13

Homeostasis

Answer 13

The ability of the body to maintain stable internal conditions despite changes in the external environment

Question 14

5 Steps of a Feedback Mechanism

Answer 14

1- Stimulus: Produce Change
2- Receptor: Detects Change
3- Input: information sent along afferent pathway to control center.
4- Output: information sent along efferent pathway to effector
5- Response: feedback to reproduce the effect of stimulus returning variable to homeostatic balance

Question 15

Negative Feedback loop

Answer 15

Reverse original stimulus

Question 16

Positive Feedback Loop

Answer 16

Enhances original stimulus

Question 17

Anatomical Position

Answer 17

• Standing upright
• Facing observer with level head
• Eyes Forward
• Feet flat
• Arms at side with palms forward

Question 18

Superior VS. Inferior

Answer 18

Above

Below

Question 19

Ventral(Anterior) VS. Dorsal(Posterior)

Answer 19

Front

Back

Question 20

Medial VS. Lateral

Answer 20

Towards midline of body

Away from midline of body

Question 21

Proximal VS. Distal

Answer 21

Towards attached end of the limb

Away from attached end of the limb

Question 22

Superficial VS. Deep

Answer 22

Closer to skin’s surface

Deeper away from the skin’s surface

Question 23

Axial

Answer 23

Head, neck, and trunk

Question 24

Appendicular

Answer 24

Limbs

Question 25

Sagittal Plane

Answer 25

Vertical plane dividing body into right and left parts

Question 26

Frontal Plane

Answer 26

Vertical plane dividing body into anterior and posterior parts

Question 27

Transverse Plane

Answer 27

Horizontal plane dividing body into superior and inferior parts

Question 28

Dorsal Body Cavity

Answer 28

Composed of the Cranial and Vertebral cavities

Question 29

Ventral Body Cavity

Answer 29

Composed of the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities.