chapter 1 study guide Flashcards
anatomy definition and subdivision
- study of structure
- gross anatomy- study of large structures ex) brain
- microscopic anatomy smaller structures on a larger scale ex) cells
physiology and example
- the study of function
ex) nerve impulse generation, blood-brain barrier prevents toxins from passing nervous tissue
different levels of structural organization
chemical- hydrogen, water, and oxygen atoms bond to form molecules
cellular- a variety of molecules combine to form fluid and cell organelles
tissue- similar cells form body tissue
organ- two or more different tissues combine to form an organ
organ system- two or more organs work together to create a body system
organism- many organ systems work together to perform the functions of an independent organism
list the organ systems
integumentary system, skeletal system, muscular system, nervous system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, lymphatic system, respiratory system, digestive system, urinary system, male reproductive system, female reproductive system
integumentary system
- hair, skin, nails
- encloses internal body structures and contains sensory receptors
skeletal system
- cartilage, bones, joints
- supports body and enables movement
muscular system
- skeletal muscles, tendons
- enables movement and maintains body temperature
nervous system
- brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
- dectects and processes sensory information and activates bodily reponses
endocrine system
- pituitiary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal gland, testes, ovaries
- secretes hormones and regulates body processes
cardiovascular system
- heart, blood vessels
- delievers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and equalizes body temperature
lymphatic system
- thymus, lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic vessels
- returns fluid to blood and defends against pathogens
respiratory system
- nasal passage, trachea, lungs
- removes carbon dixoide from body and delievers oxygen to blood
digestive system
- stomach, liver, gall bladder, large intestine, small intestine
- processes food and removes waste
urinary system
- kidneys, urinary bladder
- controls water balance and removes waste from the blood
male reproductive system
- epididymis, testes
- produces sex hormones and delievers gamates to female
