Chapter 1 pg. 9-26 pt. 1 Flashcards
What are the motives for criminological research?
Policy Motivations
Academic Motivations
Personal Motivations
What are the different types of social criminological researches in practice?
(1) Descriptive Research
(2) Exploratory Research
(3) Explanatory Research
(4) Evaluation Research
What is the difference between Exploratory Research and Explanatory Research?
Exploratory Research- research in which social phenomena are investigated without a priori expectations, in order to develop explanations of them
Explanatory Research- research that seeks to identify causes and/or effects of social phenomena
What is Descriptive Research?
Descriptive Research-research in which phenomena are defined and described
What is Evaluation Research?
Evaluation Research- research about social programs or interventions
Which Social Criminological Research in Practice is this:
the primary focus of many studies of youth crime and violence
Descriptive Research
Which Social Criminological Research in Practice is this:
uses qualitative methods
Exploratory Research
What is the difference between positivism and post-positivism?
Positivism- the belief, shared by most scientists, that there is a reality that exists quite apart from our own perception of it, although our knowledge of this reality may never be complete
postpositivism- the belief that there is an empirical reality but that our understanding of it is limited by its complexity and by the biases and other limitations of researchers
What is intersubjective agreement?
agreement between scientists about the nature of reality
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1)
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2)
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3)
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4)
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(4) clarify assumptions
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5)
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6)
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7)
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
(7) replicate research and build social theory
Positivist Research Guidelines:
(1) Test ideas against empirical reality without becoming too personally invested in a particular outcome
(2) Plan and carry out investigations systematically
(3) document all procedures and disclose them publicly
(4) clarify assumptions
(5) specify the meaning of all terms
(6) maintain a skeptical stance toward current knowledge
(7) replicate research and build social theory
(8)
(8) Search of regularities of patterns
What is the goal of positivist research and how is ti achieved?
to advance scientific knowledge
which is achieved when research results are published in academic journals or presented at academic conferences
True or False: According to positivists just because you gain knowledge about a society does not mean you know how a society should be run
True
Positivists do not ignore ______ __________
value considerations
What is the difference between Interpretivism and Constructivism?
interpretivism (interpretivist philosophy)-the belief that reality is socially constructed and that the goal of social scientists is to understand what meanings people give to that reality
constructivist paradigm- methodology based on rejection of belief in an external reality; it emphasizes the importance of exploring the way in which different stakeholders in a social setting construct their beliefs
What is the goal of interpretivist research?
verstehen
What does verstehen mean?
german term for “understanding”
constructivist inquiry is conducted is determined by a ___________ _______
hermeneutic circle
Represents the dialectical process in which the researcher obtains information from multiple stakeholders in a setting, refines his or her understanding of the setting, and then tests that understanding with successive respondents?
hermeneutic circle
Explain the process of a hermeneutic circle.
Goes from Respondent to Construct in a circular motion
The final product of a hermeneutic circle is a ______ ________
case report
What is a case report?
a report that helps the reader realize not only the states of affairs that are believed by constructors (research respondents) to exist but also of the underlying motives, feelings, and rationales leading to those beliefs
