Chapter 1 Lessons of history Flashcards
Francis Fukuyama 1989
«The End of History»
after cold war
Is it the end of history ?
No, far from it, even Fukuyama fears for liberal democracy as he states that identity politics undermines democracy
Hungtinton «Clash of civilisations»
The next conflict will be cultural. As people are coming together, they realize how much they are different = migration crisis
9 Civilizational divides according to Hungtinton
- Western (USA, Europe and Australia).
- Latin America
- Africa (Sub-saharan Africa)
- Islamic (Northen Africa, Middle East and Indonesia, a part of India and Bengladesh)
- Hindu (a part of India and Bengladesh)
- Buddhist (SEA)
- Sinic (China, Vietnam, Taïwan, Koreas)
- Orthodox (ex-URSS)
- Japanese
Civilization
A cultural entity/ grouping of people; the broadest level of cultural identity
Mark Twain (American writer)
History never repeats itself but it rhymes
The world of 1914 and the one of today
- Acceleration of globalization : means of com, global trade, investments, immigration, growth of international law etc
- Growing interdependence
- Assumption that a large-scale war is no longer an option (presentism)
- great power rivalries (Germany/England, China/US)
- divided leadership of key powers
- declining GB / US hegemony
Megachange
dramatic shifts in social economic and political patterns = «something big is happening in the current period»
«Presentism»
idea that whatever is happening now will keep happening
3 Myths about covid 19
1) unexpected «black swan» that nobody anticipated
2) discredited globalization
3) current policy tools and institutional arrangements = sufficient
what is to be done for covid
1) More «inclusive leadership» at the global level (G20)
2) New «multilevel leadership» coalitions (civil-society, private sector, think tanks, etc)
